Lesson Plan | Active Learning | Dates and Time Periods

Assumptions: This Active Lesson Plan assumes: a 100-minute class, prior student study with both the Book and the start of Project development, and that only one activity (among the three suggested) will be chosen to be conducted during the class, as each activity is designed to take up a significant portion of the available time.

Objectives

Duration: (5 - 10 minutes)

This stage of the lesson plan aims to establish the learning objectives, which will serve as guidelines for conducting the activities. By clearly defining what is expected for students to achieve, it facilitates the planning and execution of pedagogical actions, ensuring that the focus is always on the acquisition and practical application of knowledge about dates and time periods.

Main Objectives:

1. Recognize and name the periods of the day (morning, afternoon, night), of the week (Monday to Sunday), and of the month (January to December), and differentiate a year from a month or day.

2. Identify the current date, presenting the day, month, and year in sequence correctly.

Side Objectives:

1. Encourage active participation from students through questions and discussions that promote reflection on the importance of knowing the date in everyday life.
2. Develop communication and cooperation skills among students during practical activities in the classroom.

Introduction

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

The introduction serves to engage students and activate their prior knowledge about dates and time periods through problem situations that make them think and apply what they studied at home. Additionally, by contextualizing the practical and historical importance of the theme, students can see the relevance of what they learn in their lives, encouraging greater interest and curiosity. This approach aims to set the stage for the practical application of knowledge during classroom activities.

Problem-Based Situations

1. Imagine you are a detective and need to schedule a meeting with your partner next month. How would you tell him to meet on the same day and time, but in January?

2. Think of a family that decides to take a trip on the weekend. They need to schedule the trip for the second Saturday of February. How can they check this date on the calendar?

Contextualization

Knowing how to recognize and correctly use dates and time periods is essential in daily life. From scheduling appointments to understanding historical events, the correct use of dates is crucial. Interestingly, the way we organize the calendar and the days of the week has deep historical roots that date back to ancient civilizations. For example, the names of the days of the week in many languages derive from Norse, Roman, and Anglo-Saxon deities, demonstrating how time is an inseparable part of culture.

Development

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The Development stage is designed to allow students to apply their knowledge about dates and time periods in a practical and collaborative way. Working in groups, students are encouraged to discuss and solve problems, which not only reinforces individual learning but also promotes communication and teamwork skills. The proposed activities are designed to be engaging and challenging, ensuring that students actively utilize what they learned at home in creative and meaningful ways.

Activity Suggestions

It is recommended to carry out only one of the suggested activities

Activity 1 - Calendar Adventures

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Develop the skill to organize events in a calendar, understanding the correct sequence of days, weeks, and months.

- Description: In this activity, students will be divided into groups of up to 5 people to create a personalized calendar with important events for them. Each group will receive cards with different events (birthdays, parties, holidays, etc.), and they must organize them in the monthly calendar, following the correct sequence rules for days, weeks, and months.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Distribute the event cards to each group. Each card will have an event and a date, such as 'Mother's Birthday - March 12'.

• Provide each group with a large piece of paper, markers, and stickers to create the calendar.

• Students must position the cards on the correct days of the month, starting from the first day of the provided month.

• After assembly, each group will present their calendar to the class, explaining the importance of each chosen event.

Activity 2 - Time Detectives

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Enhance the ability to read calendars and understand dates, as well as promote teamwork and critical thinking.

- Description: Students, in groups, will take on the role of detectives who need to solve mysteries using their knowledge about dates and time periods. They will receive puzzles that involve determining specific dates in the past or future and must use a calendar to decipher the clues.

- Instructions:

• Organize students into groups of up to 5.

• Distribute the puzzles, which will be printed on separate cards.

• Each group will receive a calendar to use for their solutions.

• Students must read the puzzle, determine the date suggested by the puzzle, and mark it on the calendar.

• The first group to solve all the puzzles correctly wins.

Activity 3 - Calendar Chefs

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Understand the temporal organization in periods of the day and days of the week, applying knowledge of dates and events in a practical and fun situation.

- Description: In this playful activity, students will be divided into teams to plan a weekly menu. They should consider different periods of the day and special events (like parties) to create a balanced menu, marking meals on a calendar.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Each group will receive cards with types of meals and events (like 'Pajama Party - April 25').

• Provide each group with a blank weekly calendar template.

• Students must plan and mark on the calendar the meals for each day of the week, considering the special events that influence the choice of meals.

• Each group will present their menu and calendar to the class, justifying their choices.

Feedback

Duration: (5 - 10 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to consolidate learning through reflection and sharing of experiences. By discussing in groups, students have the opportunity to verbalize their understanding, hear different perspectives, and learn from the challenges and solutions of their peers. This reinforces the content learned and also develops communication and collaboration skills, essential for social interaction and continuous learning.

Group Discussion

After completing the activities, gather all students for a group discussion. Start the discussion by recalling the lesson's objectives and asking each group what they learned by creating and manipulating the calendars. Encourage students to share what challenges they encountered and how they managed to overcome them. Also, ask how they would apply this knowledge in their daily lives. This is an opportunity for students to reflect on the importance of knowing how to organize and use dates and time periods.

Key Questions

1. What were the biggest challenges in assembling the calendar and how did you overcome them?

2. How can knowledge about dates and time periods help in your daily routines?

3. Was there a moment during the activities where you had to use a different strategy than you used at home to solve a problem?

Conclusion

Duration: (5 - 10 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to ensure that students have a clear and consolidated understanding of the content covered. By summarizing and connecting theory with practice, a holistic view of learning is provided. Moreover, by emphasizing the relevance of the knowledge acquired, students are motivated to apply what they learned in various contexts of their lives, reinforcing the importance of the theme.

Summary

In the conclusion of the lesson, the teacher should summarize the main concepts covered about dates and time periods, reinforcing the identification and naming of the periods of the day, week, and month, as well as the differentiation between days, months, and years. It is essential to recap the dates discussed and the activities carried out to ensure student understanding.

Theory Connection

Today's lesson connected theory with practice by allowing students to apply the concepts of dates and time periods in real and playful situations. Activities such as creating personalized calendars and solving puzzles not only solidified theoretical knowledge but also demonstrated the relevance of learning these concepts in everyday life.

Closing

Finally, it is crucial to highlight the importance of mastering dates and time periods in daily life. This skill not only facilitates personal and social organization but is also essential for understanding historical and cultural events, and is a fundamental skill in various professions.