Objectives (5 minutes)

1. Introduce the game 'Dodgeball' to the students in a playful and fun way, encouraging everyone's participation.
2. Teach the basic rules of the game, such as the objective of hitting the opposing players, similar to a game of tag, and the importance of respecting the 'safe zones' on the playing field.
3. Develop fundamental motor skills, such as running, dodging, hiding, and throwing, through game practice.

Secondary Objectives:

1. Stimulate teamwork and cooperation among students, as the Dodgeball game is played in groups and requires strategy and coordination.
2. Promote socialization and interaction among students, encouraging communication and mutual respect during the game.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Reviewing Content: The teacher starts the lesson by reviewing with the students the concepts of games and play they have already learned, such as rules, the importance of fair play, and cooperation. This can be done through direct questions, like: 'Who can tell me what a game is?' or 'Who remembers a rule from a game we played here at school?'.

2. Problem Situation: The teacher presents the problem situation to the students: 'Imagine we are in a large forest, and our goal is to cross it without being 'burned' by 'magic fires'. How can we do this together?'. The teacher uses this analogy to introduce the concept of 'Dodgeball'.

3. Contextualization: The teacher explains that Dodgeball is a very fun and popular game played by children all over the world. They can share interesting facts about the game, such as in some countries the game is called 'dodgeball' or 'human dodgeball', and that there are even dodgeball championships in some places.

4. Capturing Students' Attention: The teacher presents some images or videos of children playing dodgeball to spark the students' interest. They can also tell a funny or exciting story about their own experience playing dodgeball in childhood. Finally, they propose the class activity: a dodgeball game session, where students will have the opportunity to experience the game in practice.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

The teacher should divide the class into two or more teams to play dodgeball. Before starting the game, they should ensure that all students are familiar with the playing field and the basic rules of the game. Although dodgeball has many variations, the suggested version below is suitable for elementary school students.

Dodgeball Game Rules

1. Objective of the game: To hit all players of the opposing team.

2. Playing field: The playing field can be a sports court, a lawn, or an open space at the school. The teacher should mark a line on the ground to divide the field into two equal halves. Two parallel lines are drawn at a distance of approximately 2 to 3 meters from each other, which will be the 'safe zones'.

3. Start of the game: The game begins with the teams in their halves of the field, behind the starting line. The teacher can draw lots to determine which team will start with the ball.

4. Dodgeball: The objective of the game is to 'burn' a player from the opposing team by hitting them with the ball below the shoulders. If a player is burned, they must leave the field and go to the 'safe zone' of the opposing team.

5. Safe Zone: The safe zone is where burned players can stay safely. They cannot be burned while in the safe zone. However, they cannot stay in the safe zone for too long. They must try to cross the field and return to their half without being burned.

6. Throws: Players can try to burn opponents by throwing the ball. They must do this below shoulder height. If the throw touches the ground before hitting the opposing player, it is not considered 'burned'.

7. Exit and return rules: A burned player can return to the game if one of their teammates hits an opposing player with the ball. If this happens, the burned player can return to the field in the same way they left.

8. End of the game: The game ends when all players from one of the teams are burned.

During the game, the teacher should act as a referee, ensuring that the rules are followed and that the game is fair and safe. After the game, the teacher should facilitate a group discussion so that students can share their experiences and lessons learned. They should emphasize the importance of respect, cooperation, and sportsmanship.

Feedback (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group Discussion: The teacher gathers all students and initiates a group discussion about their experience during the Dodgeball game. They ask open-ended questions to stimulate responses, such as: 'What did you like most about the Dodgeball game?' or 'Did you find it easy or difficult to follow the game rules? Why?'. The teacher should ensure that all students have the opportunity to share their opinions and feelings.

2. Connection to Theory: The teacher asks questions to help students connect the practical experience with theory. For example, they can ask: 'How did the 'safe zones' help you protect yourselves from being burned?' or 'Did you notice the importance of teamwork during the game? How?'.

3. Individual Reflection: The teacher suggests that students reflect individually on what they learned in the lesson. They can do this through two simple questions:

   • 'What did you learn today about the Dodgeball game that you didn't know before?'.
   • 'How can you apply what you learned today about respect, cooperation, and sportsmanship in other situations in your life?'.

4. Sharing Reflections: After a minute of reflection, the teacher invites some students to share their answers with the class. This not only reinforces learning but also helps create an environment of respect and appreciation for each student's opinions.

5. Lesson Closure: To conclude the lesson, the teacher reinforces the main points learned during the lesson, highlighting the importance of respect, cooperation, sportsmanship, and teamwork. They thank everyone for their participation and encourage students to continue practicing what they learned at home and at school.

This feedback is a crucial step in the lesson plan as it allows the teacher to assess students' understanding and progress, as well as consolidate learning and reinforce important concepts. Furthermore, by encouraging reflection and discussion, the teacher is promoting critical thinking and students' oral expression.

Conclusion (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents: The teacher begins the conclusion of the lesson by summarizing the main points covered. They remind students about the rules of the dodgeball game, such as the objective of hitting opposing players, the 'safe zones', and the importance of respect, cooperation, and sportsmanship. They also highlight the motor skills developed during the game, such as running, dodging, hiding, and throwing.

2. Connection between Theory and Practice: The teacher explains that today's lesson was a combination of theory and practice. They remind students that they first learned about the dodgeball game and its rules, and then had the opportunity to play it in practice. They reinforce that practice is a very effective way to learn because it allows students to experience firsthand what they are learning in theory.

3. Extra Materials: The teacher suggests some extra materials for students who want to learn more about the dodgeball game. They can suggest children's books that talk about the game, educational videos available online, or even virtual dodgeball games that can be played at home. They can also suggest that students talk to their parents or older siblings, who have probably played dodgeball and can share their experiences.

4. Importance of the Subject: Finally, the teacher explains the importance of the dodgeball game and other games and play in children's lives. They emphasize that, besides being fun, games like dodgeball help develop motor skills, such as running, jumping, throwing, and also social skills, such as respect, cooperation, teamwork, and sportsmanship. They encourage students to continue playing and having fun, as that is how they learn and develop.

5. Lesson Closure: The teacher ends the lesson by thanking everyone for their participation and congratulating the students for their effort and enjoyment during the dodgeball game. They remind them that each lesson they are learning new things and becoming better at many activities. They invite them to come back for the next lesson ready for more learning and fun.

This conclusion helps solidify students' learning, reinforcing the main points of the lesson and encouraging them to continue learning and developing. Furthermore, by suggesting extra materials, the teacher is encouraging autonomous learning and the search for knowledge outside the classroom.