Lesson Plan | Teachy Methodology | Phoneme and Grapheme

Objectives

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to clearly establish the objectives that are expected to be achieved by the end of the class. This moment is crucial to align the expectations of both the teacher and the students, providing a clear and objective direction for the activities that will be carried out. Furthermore, this initial alignment facilitates students' concentration and engagement during the practical activities that will follow.

Main Objectives

1. Identify the grapheme as the smallest unit of a writing system that represents a sound in a spoken language.

2. Understand the phoneme as the smallest sound unit that can establish a distinction of meaning between words.

Side Objectives

1. Relate the use of graphemes and phonemes with their practical application in everyday communicative contexts of the students.

Introduction

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to create an environment of curiosity and initial engagement. Introducing the topic in a contextualized way and allowing students to take the lead by seeking and sharing information generates interest and makes them feel integrated into the learning process. Moreover, using cell phones for research connects the class to the dynamics of modern life, making learning more relevant and closer to the students' reality.

Warming Up

Phoneme and grapheme are fundamental concepts in understanding written and spoken language. While the grapheme is the smallest unit of a writing system, corresponding to a letter or set of letters that represent a sound, the phoneme is the smallest sound unit that can change the meaning of a word. To start today's class, ask students to use their cell phones to find an interesting fact about phonemes or graphemes. Encourage them to explore various sources and share their discoveries with the class.

Initial Reflections

1. What interesting things did you find about graphemes and phonemes during your searches?

2. How do you think graphemes and phonemes relate to our everyday lives?

3. Can you give examples of words where a change in phoneme completely alters the meaning?

4. What is the importance of understanding phonemes and graphemes for reading and writing?

Development

Duration: 60 - 70 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to provide in-depth and practical learning about phonemes and graphemes through interactive and digital activities. By engaging students in creative and relevant scenarios to their reality, the methodology stimulates active participation, group collaboration, and the application of knowledge in a dynamic and meaningful way.

Activity Suggestions

It is recommended that only one of the suggested activities be carried out

Activity 1 - Phonetic Influencers: Creating Videos on TikTok

> Duration: 60 - 70 minutes

- Objective: Develop the understanding of the concepts of phoneme and grapheme in a playful way, using contemporary digital tools and encouraging group collaboration.

- Description: Students will develop a short video on TikTok explaining the difference between phoneme and grapheme, using practical examples from everyday life. They will be encouraged to use creative edits, animations, and effects available on the platform to make the content more engaging.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Each group should choose a word example where changing a phoneme alters the meaning.

• Create a script explaining simply and clearly the difference between phoneme and grapheme.

• Use cell phones to record the video, exploring TikTok's features, such as texts, animations, and effects.

• All group members must participate, either acting or helping in video editing.

• After recording, each group should present their video to the class, highlighting the aspects used to explain the content.

• Discuss as a group how the platform helped make learning more dynamic and fun.

Activity 2 - Gamification: The Sound Treasure Hunt

> Duration: 60 - 70 minutes

- Objective: Facilitate the understanding of the concepts of phoneme and grapheme through gamification, encouraging problem-solving and applying knowledge practically and interactively.

- Description: Students will participate in a virtual treasure hunt, using tablets or computers. The game will consist of finding objects or words that change meaning when altering a phoneme.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Each group will receive a list of words and objects related to clues for hunting in virtual environments.

• Use tools like Google Earth, educational games, or augmented reality apps to find the treasures (words and objects).

• When they find an item, students should document it with a screenshot or photo and explain how the change of phoneme alters its meaning.

• After finding all treasures, each group should create a digital presentation using PowerPoint or Google Slides, highlighting the items found and their explanations.

• Each group presents their treasure hunt to the class, explaining the phonetic changes and their meanings.

Activity 3 - Interactive Stories on Instagram: Exploring Phonemes and Graphemes

> Duration: 60 - 70 minutes

- Objective: Promote the understanding of the concepts of phoneme and grapheme in a fun and interactive way, using the social network Instagram to create a collaborative and engaging learning environment.

- Description: Students will create interactive stories on Instagram, using quiz and poll functionalities to teach about phonemes and graphemes. Each group must create a sequence of stories that explain the concept and include interactive questions for followers.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Each group should choose a topic related to phonemes and graphemes to address in their stories (for example, homonymous words).

• Use Instagram to create a sequence of explanatory stories, including texts, images, and short videos.

• Add quizzes and polls to the stories to interact dynamically with followers, asking questions related to the concepts presented.

• Use hashtags and mentions to enhance the interaction and reach of the stories.

• After creating, each group should present their stories to the class and discuss how the tools of Instagram helped teach the content.

Feedback

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to promote critical reflection on the activities carried out, allowing students to consolidate their learning by listening to their peers' experiences. Additionally, the 360° feedback encourages a culture of collaboration and respect, essential for the personal and academic growth of students.

Group Discussion

Promote a group discussion with all students, where each group shares what they learned while carrying out the activities and their conclusions. To introduce this discussion, use the following script:

1. Congratulate students for their effort and creativity in the activities.
2. Ask each group to briefly present their videos, treasure hunt results, and interactive stories, highlighting the key learnings.
3. Ask open-ended questions to encourage everyone's participation, such as 'What was the most challenging part?' or 'How did the activity help you understand phonemes and graphemes better?'
4. Encourage students to reflect on how the digital tools used contributed to their learning.

Reflections

1. What was the biggest discovery you made about phonemes and graphemes during the activities? 2. How did the digital tools influence your understanding of the content? 3. What skills besides knowledge about phonemes and graphemes do you think you developed with these activities?

360° Feedback

Conduct a 360° feedback session, where each student should receive feedback from other students in the group they worked with. Guide them to ensure the feedback is constructive and respectful, using the model 'I liked...', 'It would be interesting if...', 'I learned...'. This practice helps develop communication, empathy, and respect for colleagues' opinions.

Conclusion

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

🔍 Purpose of the Conclusion 🔍

The purpose of this section is to consolidate the knowledge acquired reflectively and fun, allowing students to understand the practical relevance of the content in the context of their daily lives. Additionally, this stage reinforces the connection between learning and the digital world, encouraging students to apply knowledge creatively and engagingly.

Summary

🎉 Recapping the Adventure of Phonemes and Graphemes! 🎉

Today, we explored how phonemes (sounds 🗣️) and graphemes (letters ✏️) are the smallest units that form our language. Through engaging activities such as TikTok videos, virtual treasure hunts, and interactive stories on Instagram, we learned how these small pieces are essential for creating and altering meanings in our words. It was a fun journey full of discoveries! 🚀

World Connection

🌍 Connection with the Real World 🌍

In the digital age, understanding phonemes and graphemes helps us communicate effectively, whether writing a tweet, creating a TikTok video, or posting a story on Instagram. Knowing how words are formed and how sounds and letters relate is fundamental for navigating in the modern world, where communication is instant and global. 📱💬

Practical Application

📚 Importance in Daily Life 📚

Understanding phonemes and graphemes is not just an academic skill; it is a practical tool for daily communication. It allows us to read, write, and better understand the information around us. Whether reading a book, sending a text message, or interpreting a traffic sign, these skills make our interaction with the world clearer and more effective. 📝✨