Lesson Plan | Traditional Methodology | Word Writing

Objectives

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to ensure that students understand the importance of the relationship between letters and sounds in the correct spelling of words. This understanding is fundamental for the development of reading and writing skills, allowing students to communicate efficiently and properly within the rules of the Portuguese language.

Main Objectives

1. Recognize that letters can represent various sounds.

2. Write words correctly according to the rules of the Portuguese language.

Introduction

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to ensure that students understand the importance of the relationship between letters and sounds in the correct spelling of words. This understanding is fundamental for the development of reading and writing skills, allowing students to communicate efficiently and properly within the rules of the Portuguese language.

Context

Start the lesson by explaining that words are the tools we use to communicate. Say that each word is made up of letters and that, together, these letters represent sounds that form the words we speak and write. Explain that, just like in a puzzle, we need to put the letters in the correct order for the words to make sense.

Curiosities

Did you know that the Portuguese language has over 400,000 words? Moreover, new words are created every day! This shows how writing and language are always evolving and are important in our lives.

Development

Duration: 40 to 50 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to deepen students' understanding of the relationship between letters and sounds, the structure of words, and the basic orthographic rules of the Portuguese language. This knowledge is essential for students to write correctly and effectively develop reading and writing skills. Guided practice and problem-solving will help consolidate these concepts in a practical and applied way.

Covered Topics

1. Phonemes and Graphemes: Explain that phonemes are the sounds that letters represent and graphemes are the letters we use to write those sounds. Give examples of how different letters can represent the same sound, such as 's' in 'casa' and 'c' in 'certo'. 2. Syllables: Detail how words are divided into syllables. Use simple examples like 'ca-sa' and 'bo-la' to show how syllable division works and its importance in the correct spelling of words. 3. Orthographic Rules: Address some basic spelling rules of the Portuguese language, such as the use of 'm' before 'p' and 'b' (e.g., 'também', 'campo') and the difference between 's' and 'z' in some words (e.g., 'casa' vs. 'azar'). Explain that these rules help with correct writing and facilitate reading.

Classroom Questions

1. Write the word 'casa' and separate it into syllables. 2. What is the difference between the words 'certo' and 'cesta' in terms of phonemes and graphemes? 3. Write three words that follow the rule of 'm' before 'p' and 'b'.

Questions Discussion

Duration: 20 to 25 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to review and consolidate the knowledge gained by students during the lesson. Through guided discussion and active engagement, students will have the opportunity to reflect on what they have learned, clarify doubts, and reinforce their understanding of orthographic rules and the relationship between phonemes and graphemes. This moment also promotes active participation, increasing engagement and retention of the taught content.

Discussion

• Discussion of the Questions:

• 1. Write the word 'casa' and separate it into syllables: Explain that 'casa' is divided into two syllables: 'ca-sa'. Detail how syllable separation aids in reading and writing, facilitating correct pronunciation and spelling of words.
• 2. What is the difference between the words 'certo' and 'cesta' in terms of phonemes and graphemes?: 'Certo' uses the grapheme 'c' to represent the phoneme /s/, while 'cesta' uses the grapheme 's' for the same phoneme. Explain that even different graphemes can represent the same sound, and this understanding is crucial for correct writing.
• 3. Write three words that follow the rule of 'm' before 'p' and 'b': Examples may include 'também', 'campo', and 'tempo'. Detail how this specific rule helps avoid common writing errors and facilitates fluent reading.

Student Engagement

1. Student Engagement: 2. 1. Ask students if they know other words that follow the 'm' before 'p' and 'b' rule. 3. 2. Ask them to form sentences using the words learned in class. 4. 3. Ask how syllable division can help when reading more difficult words. 5. 4. Encourage them to share examples of words they know where different graphemes represent the same sound, such as 'x' and 'ch' in 'xícara' and 'chave'. 6. 5. Suggest that students explain the orthographic rules learned to a classmate, reinforcing learning through teaching.

Conclusion

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to review and consolidate the knowledge acquired by students during the lesson. Recapping the main points will help fix the content, and the discussion of practical relevance reinforces the importance of learning, motivating students to apply what they have learned in everyday situations.

Summary

• Words are formed by letters that represent sounds (phonemes).
• Phonemes are the sounds and graphemes are the letters we write.
• Words are divided into syllables, which facilitates reading and writing.
• Basic orthographic rules, such as the use of 'm' before 'p' and 'b' and the difference between 's' and 'z', help in correct writing.

The lesson connected the theory of phonemes and graphemes with practice, showing how the correct identification of sounds and their graphic representations facilitate the writing and reading of words. Practical examples and guided exercises reinforced this connection, allowing students to apply orthographic rules while writing and dividing words into syllables.

Understanding how letters and sounds relate and learning orthographic rules are essential skills in everyday life. They help students write correctly, which is fundamental for effective communication. Curiosities such as the fact that the Portuguese language has over 400,000 words and is constantly evolving highlight the importance and practical relevance of the topic.