Lesson Plan | Technical Methodology | Units of Measurement: Temperature

Objectives

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to establish a solid foundation on the concept of temperature and its units of measurement, essential for developing practical skills. Understanding how temperature is measured and used in daily life is crucial for various professions, from cooking to engineering, strengthening students' connection to the job market and preparing them for future practical applications.

Main Objectives

1. Understand the concept of temperature and its importance in everyday life.

2. Identify and correctly use the main units of temperature measurement, such as degrees Celsius.

Side Objectives

1. Recognize the practical application of temperature measurement units in different contexts of the job market.

Introduction

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to establish a solid foundation on the concept of temperature and its units of measurement, essential for developing practical skills. Understanding how temperature is measured and used in daily life is crucial for various professions, from cooking to engineering, strengthening students' connection to the job market and preparing them for future practical applications.

Contextualization

Temperature is a physical quantity that measures the degree of agitation of the molecules of a body. In everyday life, we are constantly dealing with temperature: when checking the weather forecast, cooking, or even measuring a fever. Understanding how temperature is measured and the units used is fundamental for our daily lives and for various professions.

Curiosities and Market Connection

Did you know that the Celsius scale was created by Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius in 1742? In the job market, different professions depend on knowledge about temperature. For example, chefs need to master temperature to prepare perfect dishes, engineers use temperature to ensure the safety and efficiency of machines and equipment, and doctors monitor body temperature to assess their patients' health.

Initial Activity

Show a short video (2-3 minutes) about how thermometers work and the different temperature scales. Then, ask a thought-provoking question: 'What would our lives be like if we couldn't measure temperature?'. Have students discuss in pairs for 2 minutes and then share their ideas with the class.

Development

Duration: (50 - 55 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to allow students to practically apply the concepts learned about temperature and its units of measurement. Through building a homemade thermometer and carrying out fixation exercises, students will develop practical and reflective skills that are essential for understanding and applying temperature knowledge in everyday life and various professions.

Covered Topics

1. What is temperature
2. Units of temperature measurement (Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin)
3. Conversion between temperature units
4. Importance of temperature in different professions

Reflections on the Theme

Guide students to reflect on how temperature influences their daily lives and the importance of understanding temperature units to perform various everyday and professional activities. For example, ask how they would cook food or dress appropriately without knowing the ambient temperature.

Mini Challenge

Building a Homemade Thermometer

In this activity, students will build a homemade thermometer using simple materials and learn in practice how temperature can be measured.

Instructions

1. Divide students into groups of 3 to 4.
2. Distribute the necessary materials: small plastic bottles, water, alcohol, food coloring, straws, modeling clay, and permanent markers.
3. Ask students to fill half of each bottle with water and the other half with alcohol.
4. Add a few drops of food coloring to the mixture to make it visible.
5. Insert a straw into the bottle without touching the bottom, and seal the bottle opening with modeling clay, ensuring the straw is fixed and the liquid does not leak.
6. Mark the initial level of the liquid on the straw with the permanent marker.
7. Place the bottles in different environments (for example, in the sun, in the shade, inside a refrigerator) and observe how the liquid level in the straw changes as the temperature varies.
8. Take notes on the observations and discuss with the class how temperature affected the liquid level in the different environments.

Objective: Demonstrate practically how temperature can be measured and how different environments can affect the temperature reading.

Duration: (35 - 40 minutes)

Evaluation Exercises

1. Explain in your own words what temperature is and give examples of where you find it in daily life.
2. List the main units of temperature measurement and describe a situation in which each of them can be used.
3. Convert the following temperatures from Celsius to Fahrenheit: 0°C, 25°C, 100°C.
4. Describe a profession that uses knowledge about temperature and explain how that knowledge is applied.

Conclusion

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to consolidate learning, promote critical reflection on the studied content, and reinforce the practical application of temperature concepts in everyday life and various professions, ensuring that students understand the relevance and usefulness of what has been learned.

Discussion

Facilitate a discussion about what was learned in class, promoting a joint reflection on the importance of knowledge of temperature in everyday and professional activities. Ask students what surprised or interested them the most during the lesson. Encourage them to share their experiences with the mini challenge of building the homemade thermometer and how the activity helped to better understand the temperature concept. Discuss the fixation exercises, promoting an exchange of ideas and clarifying any questions.

Summary

Recap the main contents covered: the concept of temperature, measurement units (Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin), the importance of knowing how to measure temperature, and its applications in different professions. Reinforce how the practice of the mini challenge of building a homemade thermometer helped to illustrate the theoretical concepts discussed in a practical way.

Closing

Explain the connection between theory and practice in the lesson, highlighting how understanding temperature and its units of measurement is crucial for various activities in daily life and in the job market. Conclude by emphasizing the importance of knowledge gained, encouraging students to observe and apply what they have learned in their routines and future professions.