Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understanding the characteristics of the environment: Students should be able to identify and describe the characteristics of the environment, including natural elements (air, water, soil, plants, and animals) and human elements (buildings, streets, vehicles). They should also understand the importance of preserving the environment for life on Earth.

2. Connection between theory and practice: Students should be able to apply what they have learned about the characteristics of the environment in everyday situations. This may include identifying elements of the environment in their immediate surroundings (such as at school or at home) and discussing how their daily actions can affect the environment.

3. Development of critical thinking: Throughout the lesson, students will be encouraged to ask questions and reflect on what they are learning. They will be stimulated to think about how their actions can have a positive or negative impact on the environment, thus promoting environmental awareness and critical thinking.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Recalling previous content: The teacher starts the lesson by reminding students of what they have already learned about planet Earth and its environment. Questions like: "Who can tell me what our planet is?", "What is the environment around us?", "What are some of the elements that make up our environment?" can be asked. The teacher should encourage students to share what they remember, reinforcing confidence and participation from everyone.

2. Problem situations: The teacher then presents two situations involving the environment that are relevant to the students' reality. The first situation could be: "Have you noticed that sometimes the air in the city can seem dirtier and harder to breathe? Why do you think this happens?". The second situation could be: "Have you seen any animals or plants that were not usually in our neighborhood? Why do you think this might be happening?". These situations are designed to arouse students' curiosity and prepare them for the lesson topic.

3. Contextualization: The teacher then explains to the students the importance of the subject. He may say: "We know that Earth is the only place that has life, and this is possible thanks to our environment. But, unfortunately, sometimes we, humans, can negatively affect our environment. Therefore, it is very important that we learn about it and how we can help protect it".

4. Capturing students' attention: To capture students' attention, the teacher can share two curiosities about the environment. The first curiosity could be: "Did you know that trees help clean the air we breathe? They absorb the carbon dioxide that we humans release and release oxygen". The second curiosity could be: "Did you know that there are more than 1.4 million known species of animals and plants on our planet? And that many of them are at risk because of human actions?". These curiosities should serve to arouse students' interest and curiosity in the subject.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Exploring the characteristics of the environment (5 - 7 minutes):

   • The teacher should start the lesson by presenting the main elements that make up the environment: air, water, soil, plants, and animals.
   • For each element, the teacher should explain clearly and simply its importance for life on Earth. For example: "Air is very important for us because we need it to breathe. Plants also need air to photosynthesize, a process that allows them to grow".
   • The teacher can use colorful images or real objects to illustrate these elements, making the lesson more visual and interactive.
   • During the presentation, the teacher should encourage students to ask questions and share their own observations about the environment.

2. Discussion about the characteristics of the environment (5 - 7 minutes):

   • After the presentation, the teacher should propose a group discussion so that students can share what they have learned and their own experiences regarding the environment.
   • The teacher can ask questions like: "Which of these elements of the environment have you already observed in your home or at school? How do you know they are present?".
   • The teacher should encourage students to think critically and justify their answers, thus promoting critical thinking and argumentation skills.

3. Identification of environmental elements in daily life (5 - 7 minutes):

   • The teacher should then propose a practical activity in which students must identify the elements of the environment in their immediate surroundings (such as in the classroom, at school, or at home).
   • Each student will receive a sheet of paper and a pencil. They will be guided to draw or write the elements of the environment they can identify in their surroundings.
   • After the activity, students will be invited to share what they drew or wrote, and the class will discuss together the importance of each element for the environment.

4. Reflection on the importance of preserving the environment (5 - 7 minutes):

   • To conclude the development part of the lesson, the teacher should propose a reflection on the importance of preserving the environment.
   • The teacher can ask: "Based on what we learned today, why is it important for us to take care of our environment?".
   • Students will be invited to share their ideas and conclusions, and the teacher will reinforce the idea that each of us has the responsibility to take care of the environment to ensure a healthy and sustainable future.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group discussion (5 - 7 minutes):

   • The teacher should gather all students in a large circle for a group discussion about the solutions found by each team.
   • Each team will have the opportunity to present their solutions and the process they used to reach them.
   • The teacher should encourage students to ask questions and give constructive feedback to each other, thus promoting collaboration and mutual respect.

2. Connection with theory (3 - 4 minutes):

   • After the presentations, the teacher should review the theoretical concepts discussed at the beginning of the lesson and connect them with the solutions found by the students.
   • The teacher can say, for example: "Do you remember when we talked about the characteristics of the environment and the importance of each element? How did you apply this knowledge in your solutions?".
   • The goal here is to help students see the relevance and applicability of what they have learned, reinforcing the connection between theory and practice.

3. Reflection on learning (2 - 3 minutes):

   • To conclude the lesson, the teacher should propose that students reflect for a minute on what they learned in the lesson.
   • The teacher can ask two simple questions to guide the reflection: "What was the most interesting thing you learned today about the environment?" and "How can you apply what you learned today in your daily life?".
   • After a minute of reflection, students will be invited to share their answers. The teacher should value all answers and reinforce that learning is a continuous process and that each lesson brings new knowledge and discoveries.

4. Assessment of learning (2 - 3 minutes):

   • Finally, the teacher should assess students' learning through two simple questions: "Do you feel more confident in identifying the elements of the environment in your surroundings?" and "Do you believe you understand better the importance of preserving the environment? Why?".
   • Students should express their answers by raising their thumb if the answer is yes, the middle finger if they are unsure, and the thumb down if the answer is no. This informal assessment will allow the teacher to quickly check the level of understanding and confidence of students regarding the lesson topic.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of key points (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher should start the conclusion by giving a brief summary of the key points covered during the lesson.
   • He can say: "Today, we learned about the characteristics of the environment, including air, water, soil, plants, and animals. We discussed how these elements are important for life on Earth and how human action can negatively affect our environment".

2. Connection between theory and practice (1 - 2 minutes):

   • Next, the teacher should reinforce the connection between theory and practice, reminding students how they applied what they learned in the activity of identifying environmental elements in their surroundings.
   • He can say: "Remember when we talked about the importance of air, water, soil, plants, and animals? You were able to identify some of these elements in our immediate environment. This shows that what we learned in theory can be applied in practice".

3. Extra materials (1 minute):

   • The teacher can then suggest some extra materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge about the environment.
   • He can recommend books, websites, documentaries, or educational games that discuss the environment and the importance of its preservation.

4. Relevance of the subject (1 - 2 minutes):

   • Finally, the teacher should emphasize the importance of what was learned, explaining how knowledge about the environment and its preservation can be applied in students' daily lives.
   • He can say: "Taking care of the environment is not only the responsibility of adults. Each of us, even as children, can contribute to the preservation of our planet. We can do this by saving water and energy, recycling our waste, planting trees, and respecting all forms of life around us".

5. Closure (1 minute):

   • The teacher concludes the lesson by reinforcing the importance of the subject and congratulating the students for their good performance in the lesson.
   • He can say: "Congratulations to all of you for actively participating in today's lesson. Remember, every small action we take to protect our environment makes a big difference. See you in the next lesson!".