Lesson Plan | Traditional Methodology | Track and Field: Introduction

Objectives

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to introduce students to the theme of athletics, highlighting the main modalities and their characteristics. This will establish a solid foundation for subsequent detailed explanations, ensuring that students have a clear understanding of fundamental concepts before moving on to more complex aspects of the topic.

Main Objectives

1. Recognize the main modalities of athletics: running, walking, throwing, and jumping.

2. Understand the basic rules of each athletics modality.

3. Identify the impacts of athletics modalities on the human body.

Introduction

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

🎯 Purpose: The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to introduce students to the theme of athletics, highlighting the main modalities and their characteristics. This will establish a solid foundation for subsequent detailed explanations, ensuring that students have a clear understanding of fundamental concepts before moving on to more complex aspects of the topic.

Context

📚 Context: Explain to students that athletics is one of the oldest forms of sport, with roots dating back to the Ancient Greek Olympics. It is considered the basis of all sports due to its simplicity and the need for fundamental physical skills such as running, jumping, and throwing. Athletics is practiced worldwide and includes a variety of modalities that test the endurance, speed, strength, and coordination of athletes.

Curiosities

🤔 Curiosity: Did you know that athletics is known as the 'base sport'? This is because skills like running, throwing, and jumping are essential in many other sports. Additionally, modern marathons, a popular running modality, have their origins in ancient Greece when a messenger ran approximately 42 km from Marathon to Athens to announce a victory in battle.

Development

Duration: (50 - 60 minutes)

🎯 Purpose: The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to deepen students' knowledge of the main modalities of athletics, providing detailed explanations and practical examples. This will allow students to better understand the rules and techniques involved in each modality, as well as the impacts of these practices on the human body.

Covered Topics

1. 🏃‍♂️ Running: Explain that running is one of the most popular modalities in athletics, covering various distances from the 100 meters to marathons. Detail the basic rules, such as the importance of the start and finish, and the differences between sprints, middle-distance, and long-distance races. 2. 🚶‍♀️ Walking: Discuss race walking, highlighting that it is a modality where the athlete must always keep one foot in contact with the ground. Explain the correct technique and penalties for infractions, such as losing contact and bending the knee. 3. 🏋️‍♂️ Throwing: Describe the main throwing modalities, including Shot Put, Discus Throw, Javelin Throw, and Hammer Throw. Explain the basic techniques and rules, such as the throwing area and the correct way to throw each implement. 4. 🏃‍♂️ Jumping: Detail the different types of jumping in athletics, such as high jump, pole vault, long jump, and triple jump. Explain the basic rules and techniques, such as the running phase, take-off, and landing.

Classroom Questions

1. 1. What are the main differences between sprints, middle-distance, and long-distance races? 2. 2. Explain the correct technique for race walking and the penalties for infractions. 3. 3. Describe the basic techniques and rules for Shot Put and high jump.

Questions Discussion

Duration: (20 - 25 minutes)

🎯 Purpose: The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to review and consolidate the knowledge acquired by students, providing the opportunity to discuss the answers to the presented questions and reflect on the topics covered. This moment of feedback is vital to clarify doubts, reinforce the understanding of concepts, and promote student engagement through directed questions and discussions.

Discussion

• 1. Differences between sprints, middle-distance, and long-distance races: Sprints are characterized by short distances (100m, 200m, and 400m), where athletes run at high intensity from start to finish. Middle-distance races include intermediate distances, such as 800m and 1500m, requiring a combination of speed and endurance. Long-distance races involve longer distances, such as 5000m, 10000m, and marathons, where endurance is paramount, and pacing strategies are crucial.
• 2. Correct technique for race walking and penalties for infractions: In race walking, the athlete must maintain continuous contact with the ground, alternating feet without losing contact. Furthermore, the advancing leg must remain straight (not bent) from the moment of contact with the ground until it is in a vertical position. Infractions such as losing contact (when both feet are in the air) and bending the knee result in warnings and, in case of recurrence, disqualification.
• 3. Basic techniques and rules for Shot Put and high jump: In Shot Put, the athlete must throw the metal ball from a designated circle using an appropriate impulse technique. The ball must land within the defined sector. In high jump, athletes run towards a horizontal bar and utilize techniques such as the Fosbury Flop to jump over the bar, landing on a safety mat. The height of the bar progressively increases, and athletes have three attempts to clear each height.

Student Engagement

1. 1. What other athletics modalities do you know besides the ones mentioned in the class? 2. 2. How do you think practicing athletics modalities can positively impact health? 3. 3. Can you identify any athletics modality that you have practiced or would like to practice? Why? 4. 4. How do the rules of athletics ensure fairness and safety in competitions? 5. 5. How is technique important to prevent injuries in high-performance athletes?

Conclusion

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to review and consolidate the knowledge acquired during the class. By recapping the main points discussed, establishing connections between theory and practice, and highlighting the relevance of the topic, students will have a clearer and more comprehensive understanding of athletics and its importance.

Summary

• Introduction to athletics, its history, and importance as a base sport.
• Description of the main modalities of athletics: running, walking, throwing, and jumping.
• Detailed explanation of the rules and techniques of each modality.
• Discussion on the impacts of athletics modalities on the human body and the importance of technique to prevent injuries.

The lesson connected theory with practice by explaining the rules and techniques of athletics modalities in detail, using practical examples and discussions. This helped students visualize how the skills learned can be applied in real-life situations, both in sports contexts and everyday activities.

The topic presented is important for the daily lives of students because athletics develops fundamental physical skills that are useful for various physical and sports activities. Additionally, practicing athletics promotes health, improves motor coordination, and can be an excellent way of socializing and healthy competition. Curiosities such as the origins of marathons and the importance of skills like running, throwing, and jumping in other sports make the topic even more interesting and relevant.