Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understanding the general organization of the human body: The main objective is for students to understand the basic structure of the human body and how the different systems interrelate to maintain the body's functioning.

2. Recognition and description of the main systems of the human body: Students should be able to identify and describe the main systems of the human body, including the skeletal, muscular, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive, and nervous systems.

3. Connection between the structure and function of the systems: Students should be able to understand how the structure of each system is directly related to its function. This involves understanding how the different parts of a system work together to perform certain vital functions.

Secondary Objectives

1. Development of research skills: Students will be encouraged to research more about the different systems of the human body to enhance their understanding. This will help develop their research and self-learning skills.

2. Application of knowledge in real-world situations: Students will be encouraged to apply their knowledge of the organization of the systems of the human body in real-world situations, such as understanding diseases and injuries, as well as maintaining health and well-being.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Review of previous contents: The teacher starts the lesson by reminding students of the previously covered contents that are essential for understanding the current topic. This includes reviewing the basic concepts of cells, tissues, and organs, and how they relate to each other. Directed questions can be asked to students to verify their retention of these concepts.

2. Problem situation: The teacher presents two problem situations to arouse students' interest:

   • "Imagine you are a doctor and a patient comes to you with chest pain and difficulty breathing. What could be wrong with his human body system?"
   • "Have you ever wondered why, when you eat, you feel energized after a while? Which systems of the human body are involved in this process?"

3. Contextualization of the subject's importance: The teacher explains to students that understanding the organization of the systems of the human body is fundamental to understanding how our body works, how we can maintain our health, and what can go wrong in cases of disease or injury. In addition, many professions, such as medicine, nursing, physical education, and nutrition, require a deep knowledge of the human body.

4. Introduction to the topic: The teacher introduces the lesson topic - organization of the systems of the human body. This can be done in several ways, depending on the approach they want to take:

   • Curiosity 1: "Did you know that the circulatory system of the human body has about 96,560 km of blood vessels? That's more than two laps around the Earth!"
   • Curiosity 2: "Have you ever seen a human skeleton? Did you know that an adult has 206 bones? But did you know that a baby has about 300 bones? Some of the baby's bones fuse over time to form an adult's bones!"
   • Relevance of the topic: "Understanding the organization of the systems of the human body is fundamental for many things, from understanding how our muscles work when we play soccer to understanding the implications of a disease in the human body."

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Activity 1: "Building the Human Body" (10 - 12 minutes)

   • Materials needed: Colorful images of the systems of the human body (or plastic models if available), cardboard paper, scissors, glue, colored pens.
   • Activity description: Students, divided into groups of 4 to 5, receive a set of images of different systems of the human body (skeletal, muscular, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive, and nervous) and cardboard paper. They must cut out the images and glue them on the cardboard paper to create a three-dimensional "puzzle" of the human body. Each system should be glued on a separate piece of paper, and then the paper pieces should be connected to form the complete human body. Once the "puzzle" is assembled, students use colored pens to label each system and the structure related to its function. They can also draw arrows or lines to show the connections between the different systems.
   • Activity objective: This playful and practical activity allows students to visualize and better understand the organization of the systems of the human body. By working in groups, they also develop collaboration and communication skills.

2. Activity 2: "Medical Emergency Scenario" (10 - 12 minutes)

   • Materials needed: Cards with descriptions of different medical conditions (e.g., heart attack, asthma, appendicitis, etc.), paper, and pens.
   • Activity description: After completing the "Building the Human Body" activity, students remain in the same groups. They receive a card with the description of a medical condition and must identify which system of the human body is involved and how the condition affects the functioning of that system. They must also think of possible treatments or emergency measures that could be taken to help the patient.
   • Activity objective: This activity promotes the practical application of the knowledge acquired about the organization of the systems of the human body. By working on real scenarios, students develop problem-solving and critical thinking skills.

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes)

   • The teacher should gather all students and allow each group to share the solutions or conclusions they reached during the activities. Each group will have up to 3 minutes to present their findings.
   • The teacher should encourage students to ask questions and make comments on the presentations of other groups, thus promoting a collaborative learning environment.

2. Connection with Theory (3 - 4 minutes)

   • After all presentations, the teacher should review the theoretical concepts presented at the beginning of the lesson and how they connect with the activities carried out. This will allow students to see the practical application of theoretical concepts and the importance of understanding the organization of the systems of the human body.
   • The teacher should clarify any misunderstandings or misconceptions that may have arisen during the activities, ensuring that all students have a correct and clear understanding of the topic.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should propose that students reflect silently for a minute on the following questions:
     1. What was the most important concept learned today?
     2. What questions have not been answered yet?
   • After a minute of reflection, students can share their answers with the class, if they wish. The teacher can use these answers to assess the effectiveness of the lesson and plan future lessons.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Lesson Summary (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should summarize the main points covered in the lesson, reminding students of the importance of understanding the organization of the systems of the human body and how they interrelate.
   • They can reinforce key concepts, such as the structure and function of the systems, and how they work together to keep the human body functioning properly.
   • The teacher should also refer to the practical examples discussed during the lesson and how they helped illustrate the theoretical concepts.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should explain how the lesson connected theory, practice, and applications. They can mention how the "Building the Human Body" activity allowed students to visualize and understand the organization of the systems practically, and how the "Medical Emergency Scenario" activity applied this knowledge in a real context.
   • They should also reinforce how understanding the organization of the systems of the human body is fundamental in various professions and everyday situations, from understanding diseases and injuries to maintaining health and well-being.

3. Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should suggest extra materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge on the topic. This may include books, websites, videos, and interactive apps that provide detailed information on the systems of the human body.
   • For example, they may recommend the use of augmented reality apps that allow students to explore the human body in 3D, or educational videos that explain the different systems and their functions clearly and interestingly.

4. Importance of the Subject (1 minute)

   • Finally, the teacher should emphasize the importance of the subject, explaining how the knowledge acquired in the lesson is relevant to students' daily lives.
   • For example, they can emphasize how understanding the organization of the systems of the human body can help students make more informed decisions about their health and well-being, or consider careers in health and well-being-related fields.