Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. To understand the concept of "Author's Choice" in English Literature, particularly in the context of narrative techniques, character development, and story structure.
2. To analyze different literary works and identify the author's choices in terms of narrative techniques, character development, and story structure.
3. To improve critical thinking skills by discussing and justifying the author's choices in various literary works.

Secondary Objectives:

1. To enhance collaborative learning skills by engaging in group discussions and activities.
2. To improve presentation skills by sharing group findings with the class.
3. To encourage creativity by proposing alternative author's choices in literary works.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. The teacher begins the lesson by reminding students of the basic elements of a narrative, such as plot, characters, and setting. This serves as a foundation for understanding the author's choices in shaping these elements.

2. The teacher presents two short stories, one with a linear plot and another with a non-linear plot, and asks the students to compare the two. This activity helps students to start thinking about how an author's choice in story structure can impact the reader's understanding and experience.

3. To contextualize the importance of author's choices, the teacher discusses how different authors may write about the same topic or theme but with vastly different styles and approaches. The teacher can use examples like the classic story of Cinderella, which has been retold in numerous ways by different authors, each adding their unique perspective through their choices.

4. The teacher then introduces the term "Author's Choice" and explains that it refers to the decisions made by a writer in terms of narrative techniques, character development, and story structure. These choices are what make each author's work unique.

5. To grab the students' attention and spark their curiosity, the teacher shares two intriguing facts:

   • Fact 1: Many famous authors, like J.R.R. Tolkien, create entire languages for their stories, which is a unique and complex author's choice that greatly impacts the narrative.
   • Fact 2: Authors often use pen names, which are also a form of author's choice. This can reflect the author's desire for privacy, a way to experiment with different writing styles, or to appeal to a specific target audience.

6. The teacher then explains the importance of understanding author's choices, stating that it allows readers to delve deeper into the story, understand the author's intentions, and appreciate the complexity of literature.

7. Finally, the teacher previews the lesson's objectives and what the students can expect to learn throughout the lesson. They also encourage the students to actively participate in discussions and activities to make the most out of the lesson.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Activity 1 - Narrative Techniques Charades (7-8 minutes)

   • The teacher divides the class into small groups of 4-5 students and gives each group a set of narrative techniques that authors use, such as flashbacks, foreshadowing, imagery, and symbolism.
   • Each group then has to choose a narrative technique from their set and act it out without speaking. The rest of the class should guess which narrative technique is being demonstrated.
   • After all the groups have presented, the teacher leads a discussion about each narrative technique, its effect on the story, and how it could reflect the author's choice in the narrative.

2. Activity 2 - Character Development Mad Libs (8-10 minutes)

   • The teacher provides each group with a character profile, including basic information about the character and the character's role in the story.
   • Using the character profile as a guide, each group must create a short scene or dialogue that reveals more about the character's personality, motivations, or conflicts. They can use dramatic interpretation, drawing, or writing a short script.
   • After the activity, the teacher facilitates a group discussion about how these character choices can influence the reader's understanding and connection to the story.

3. Activity 3 - Choose Your Own Adventure (10-12 minutes)

   • The teacher introduces the concept of "Choose Your Own Adventure" books, where the reader's choices determine the outcome of the story. They explain that in this activity, the students will create their own "Choose Your Own Adventure" stories.
   • The teacher provides each group with a basic story outline, including a setting and a problem. Each group has to come up with three different choices the protagonist can make and the outcomes for each choice.
   • Afterward, the groups share their stories with the class. The class then votes on which choice they think is the most interesting and why, encouraging students to think critically about author's choices in story structure.
   • Finally, the teacher leads a discussion about how the different choices in the "Choose Your Own Adventure" stories can affect the reader's experience and understanding of the story.

Throughout these activities, the teacher should move around the classroom, provide guidance when needed, and ensure that all students are actively participating. The emphasis should be on the process of understanding and discussing the author's choices, rather than finding the "right" or "wrong" answers.

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion and Reflection (3 - 4 minutes)

   • The teacher invites each group to share their solutions or conclusions from the activities. Each group is given up to 2 minutes to present their findings, ensuring that all students have an opportunity to contribute.
   • After each group has presented, the teacher facilitates a short discussion, asking other students to share their thoughts and opinions on the group's findings. This fosters a collaborative learning environment where students can learn from each other and gain different perspectives.
   • The teacher then relates the group's findings back to the concept of "Author's Choice," highlighting how the narrative techniques, character development, and story structure chosen by the author can significantly impact the reader's experience and understanding of the story.

2. Connection to Real-World Applications (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher explains how the understanding of "Author's Choice" can extend beyond the classroom and into real-world applications. They can discuss how this concept is not only relevant in literature but also in other forms of media, such as movies, TV shows, and video games, where creators make similar choices to shape their narratives and engage their audiences.
   • The teacher can also highlight how understanding "Author's Choice" can make students more critical consumers of media, helping them to appreciate the thought and creativity that goes into storytelling and to identify and analyze different narrative techniques, character development, and story structures.

3. Individual Reflection (3 - 4 minutes)

   • The teacher concludes the lesson by asking the students to take a moment to reflect on what they have learned. They can do this silently or by writing their thoughts down in a reflection journal.
   • The teacher provides prompts for reflection, such as:
     1. What was the most important concept learned today?
     2. What questions do you still have about "Author's Choice"?
   • After the reflection time, the teacher can choose to have a brief open discussion where students can share their reflections if they feel comfortable doing so. This can provide valuable insights into the students' understanding and any areas that might need further clarification or exploration in future lessons.

The feedback stage is crucial for consolidating the students' understanding of the lesson's content, making connections to real-world applications, and promoting self-reflection. The teacher should ensure that the discussion remains focused, and all students have a chance to share their thoughts and ask questions.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summarize and Review (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher begins the conclusion by summarizing and reviewing the main points of the lesson. They reiterate that "Author's Choice" refers to the decisions made by a writer in terms of narrative techniques, character development, and story structure. These choices are what make each author's work unique and significantly impact the reader's experience and understanding of the story.
   • The teacher also recaps the activities conducted in the lesson, highlighting how each activity helped students to understand and identify different author's choices in various literary works.

2. Connecting Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher then explains how the lesson connected theory with practice and real-world applications. They emphasize that the activities, such as the Narrative Techniques Charades, Character Development Mad Libs, and Create Your Own Adventure, allowed students to apply the theoretical concept of "Author's Choice" in a practical, hands-on way.
   • The teacher also highlights how the discussion and reflection stages of the lesson helped students to understand how "Author's Choice" is not only relevant in literature but also in other forms of media, such as movies, TV shows, and video games. This understanding can make students more critical consumers of media, able to appreciate and analyze different author's choices in storytelling.

3. Additional Materials and Homework (1 - 2 minutes)

   • To further reinforce the concept of "Author's Choice," the teacher suggests a few additional resources for the students to explore at home. These could include a list of influential authors and their unique writing styles, links to online resources about narrative techniques, and recommendations for books and movies with interesting uses of author's choices.
   • The teacher also assigns homework for the students to analyze a short story or a movie scene and identify the author's choices in terms of narrative techniques, character development, and story structure. They are to write a short reflection on how these choices have influenced their understanding and experience of the story. This homework will consolidate the students' learning and provide an opportunity for further practice and reflection.

4. Relevance of the Topic (1 minute)

   • Finally, the teacher concludes the lesson by emphasizing the importance of understanding "Author's Choice" in everyday life. They explain that this concept is not only crucial for appreciating and analyzing literature and other forms of media but also for understanding how choices can shape a story, a character, or even a real-life situation.
   • The teacher encourages the students to keep an eye out for the author's choices in the media they consume, and to think about the choices they make in their own lives and how these choices can influence their personal narratives.

This conclusion stage is essential for reinforcing the key concepts, connecting the lesson to real-world applications, and setting the stage for further exploration and practice. The teacher should ensure that all students understand the relevance and importance of the topic and feel confident in their ability to identify and analyze author's choices in various literary works.