Lesson Plan | Lesson Plan Tradisional | Past Continuous

Objectives

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to ensure that students grasp the specific objectives of the topic at hand, establishing a solid foundation for learning the Past Continuous. This stage directs students on what will be covered in the lesson and what is expected of them, lending to a focused approach throughout the teaching process.

Objectives Utama:

1. Understand the grammatical structure of the Past Continuous in English.

2. Identify and differentiate continuous actions in the past.

3. Correctly apply the use of the Past Continuous in various sentences and contexts.

Introduction

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The aim of this stage is to create a connection between the lesson content and the students' real-life experiences, helping them understand the use and relevance of the Past Continuous. By providing context and interesting facts, students become more engaged and motivated to learn, as they see the practical impact of what is being taught.

Did you know?

The Past Continuous is often used in storytelling and descriptions of events in both stories and films. In everyday conversations, it's common to describe what we were doing at a particular moment, such as 'I was talking to my friend when the power went out.' This verb tense adds crucial detail and context to our stories.

Contextualization

To introduce the topic of the Past Continuous, remind students that this verb tense is used to describe actions that were happening at a specific moment in the past. Explain that, unlike the Simple Past, which indicates finished actions, the Past Continuous focuses on actions that were ongoing. Use relatable examples from the students' everyday lives, such as 'Yesterday, at 5 PM, I was doing my homework' or 'Last night, she was watching her favourite TV show.' These examples help frame the concept of temporal continuity in the past in a practical way.

Concepts

Duration: 40 to 50 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to provide a thorough and practical understanding of the Past Continuous. By delving into its formation, usage, and differences from other tenses, along with hands-on examples and exercises, students reinforce their understanding and are equipped to apply their knowledge effectively in different contexts.

Relevant Topics

1. Formation of the Past Continuous: The Past Continuous is formed by the auxiliary verb 'to be' in the past (was/were) followed by the gerund of the main verb (verb + ing). Example: 'I was studying.'

2. Use of the Past Continuous: Explain that the Past Continuous is used to describe actions that were in progress at a specific moment in the past, simultaneous actions, and actions that were interrupted. Example: 'She was reading while he was cooking.'

3. Difference between Simple Past and Past Continuous: Highlight the distinctions between these two verb tenses. The Simple Past is used for completed actions, while the Past Continuous emphasizes the ongoing nature of the action. Example: 'I studied' vs. 'I was studying.'

4. Time Expressions: Introduce time expressions that often accompany the Past Continuous, such as 'while', 'when', 'at that moment', etc. Example: 'I was working when the phone rang.'

5. Sentence Practice: Provide students with practical examples and ask them to complete sentences using the correct form of the Past Continuous. Example: 'Yesterday at 8 PM, I __________ (was watching) TV.'

To Reinforce Learning

1. Create a sentence using the Past Continuous to describe an action you were doing yesterday afternoon.

2. Change the following Simple Past sentence into the Past Continuous: 'She danced at the party.'

3. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the Past Continuous: 'While I __________ (read), my brother __________ (play) video games.'

Feedback

Duration: 20 to 25 minutes

The goal of this stage is to reinforce the knowledge gained during the lesson, enabling students to apply and discuss the use of the Past Continuous in a practical and relevant manner. By reviewing and discussing their responses, students have the chance to correct mistakes, clarify uncertainties, and deepen their understanding of the topic.

Diskusi Concepts

1. Create a sentence using the Past Continuous to describe an action you were doing yesterday afternoon. Explanation: Students should come up with sentences like 'Yesterday afternoon, I was studying for my exams.' or 'I was playing soccer with my friends yesterday afternoon.' These illustrate the continuous action occurring at a certain point in the past. 2. Transform the following Simple Past sentence into the Past Continuous: 'She danced at the party.' Explanation: The Past Continuous version would be 'She was dancing at the party.' This indicates that the action of dancing was ongoing during the party rather than just happening. 3. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the Past Continuous: 'While I __________ (read), my brother __________ (play) video games.' Explanation: The full sentence would read 'While I was reading, my brother was playing video games.' This illustrates two continuous actions taking place at the same time in the past.

Engaging Students

1. Invite students to share their sentences from the practice activity. Discuss the verb choices and the correct structure of the Past Continuous. 2. Ask students how using the Past Continuous can affect the perception of time in a story. For instance, how does 'I studied' differ from 'I was studying' in terms of detail and continuity? 3. Encourage students to think of a past situation where multiple actions occurred concurrently. Ask them to describe that situation using the Past Continuous. 4. Inquire: 'How does using the Past Continuous add essential details in a narrative?' Prompt students to reflect on how this verb tense enriches the clarity of descriptions.

Conclusion

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The goal of this stage is to review and solidify the material covered, ensuring that students have a clear and comprehensive understanding of the Past Continuous. This final review reinforces their learning and addresses any lingering questions, prepping students to apply their knowledge confidently and effectively.

Summary

["The Past Continuous is constructed using the auxiliary verb 'to be' in the past (was/were) plus the gerund of the main verb (verb + ing).", 'The Past Continuous describes actions in progress at a specific moment in the past, simultaneous actions, and interrupted actions.', 'The key difference between the Simple Past and the Past Continuous is that the Simple Past denotes completed actions, while the Past Continuous highlights the ongoing nature of actions.', "Common time expressions that accompany the Past Continuous include 'while', 'when', 'at that time', etc.", 'Practice constructing sentences with the correct use of the Past Continuous.']

Connection

During the lesson, the theory of the Past Continuous was connected to practice through relatable examples, sentence-building exercises, and transformation activities, enabling students to apply their knowledge in real-world contexts. This approach strengthened students' grasp of how to use and form this verb tense.

Theme Relevance

Understanding the Past Continuous is vital for describing ongoing past events, a crucial skill for effective storytelling and detailed descriptions. This tense is frequently used in casual conversations as well as in more formal situations like writing and presentations, making it an essential tool for clear communication.