Lesson Plan | Active Learning | Inorganic Functions: Nomenclature of Acids

Assumptions: This Active Lesson Plan assumes: a 100-minute class, prior student study with both the Book and the start of Project development, and that only one activity (among the three suggested) will be chosen to be conducted during the class, as each activity is designed to take up a significant portion of the available time.

Objectives

Duration: (5 - 10 minutes)

The Objectives stage aims to clearly establish what students should be able to do by the end of the lesson. It serves to direct students' attention to the most critical aspects of the topic, ensuring they know exactly what is expected of them to learn and apply. Additionally, it helps maintain focus during the lesson and allows for more precise evaluation of the teaching-learning success.

Main Objectives:

1. Train students to name acids according to IUPAC nomenclature.

2. Develop skills to solve problems involving the naming of acids, such as identifying that HCl is hydrochloric acid.

Side Objectives:

1. Encourage the practical application of concepts studied in class.
2. Promote collaboration among students during practical activities.

Introduction

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

The Introduction stage serves to engage students with the theme of the lesson, using problem situations they may have encountered in their previous studies. Furthermore, the contextualization of the topic with practical examples and curiosities seeks to show the applicability and importance of knowledge about acid nomenclature, sparking curiosity and motivating students to apply what they have learned.

Problem-Based Situations

1. Consider that a scientist discovered a new acid, and its formula is H2SeO4. How would this acid be named according to IUPAC nomenclature?

2. Imagine a laboratory needs to label bottles containing sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, but the original labels have been lost. How could the staff correctly identify each acid from its chemical formulas?

Contextualization

The nomenclature of acids is not just an academic convention; it is an essential tool in industry, laboratories, and many other practical applications. For example, correctly identifying substances in chemical reactions is crucial for ensuring safety and efficacy in chemical processes. Additionally, curiosities such as the fact that citric acid, found in fruits like lemons and oranges, can be used as a mild cleaning agent, make the topic more engaging and relevant.

Development

Duration: (70 - 75 minutes)

The Development stage is designed to allow students to practically and interactively apply the knowledge acquired about acid nomenclature. Working in groups, they will face challenges that simulate real situations of identifying and naming substances, developing collaboration, communication, and logical reasoning skills. The proposed activities aim to consolidate learning in a fun and engaging way, ensuring a deep understanding of the topic.

Activity Suggestions

It is recommended to carry out only one of the suggested activities

Activity 1 - The Acid Detectives

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Apply the knowledge of acid nomenclature to identify unknown samples, developing teamwork and communication skills.

- Description: In this activity, students will be divided into groups of up to five and will assume the role of detectives in a laboratory. They will receive five samples of unknown acids and their formulas, and they must use their newly acquired acid nomenclature skills to correctly identify each one. The samples include HCl, HBr, H3PO4, H2SO4, and HF.

- Instructions:

• Form groups of up to five students.

• Receive the five samples of acids and their formulas.

• Use the acid nomenclature table learned to name each acid.

• Prepare a short presentation explaining the reasoning behind each naming.

• Present your findings to the class.

Activity 2 - Formula and Name Builders

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Develop the skill of associating acid names with their formulas and vice versa, promoting collaboration and mutual review.

- Description: Students, organized in groups, will receive cards containing names of acids and must create their corresponding chemical formulas. They will then reverse the process: they will receive cards with formulas and must name the acids. This activity aims to reinforce the association between formulas and names, as well as test practical understanding of acid nomenclature.

- Instructions:

• Divide into groups of up to five students.

• Receive a set of cards with names of acids and create the corresponding chemical formulas.

• Exchange cards with another group and receive cards with formulas to name the acids.

• Discuss the answers in the group before presenting to the class.

• Conduct a round of collective correction.

Activity 3 - The Great Nomenclature Tournament

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Quickly and accurately review acid nomenclature, promoting a competitive and dynamic learning environment.

- Description: This activity is a competition between groups, where each group receives a series of acid formulas and must name them as quickly and accurately as possible. For each correct answer, the group accumulates points. The group with the most points at the end of the competition is declared the champion of the acid nomenclature tournament.

- Instructions:

• Form groups of up to five students.

• Prepare to receive the formulas of the acids that must be named as quickly as possible.

• Name the acids quickly, with accuracy.

• Record the points earned for each correct answer.

• At the end, the group with the most points is the winner.

Feedback

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

This stage of the lesson plan is crucial for consolidating learning, allowing students to articulate what they have learned and share insights with their peers. Group discussion helps reinforce knowledge, identify areas of confusion, and promote a deeper understanding of acid nomenclature concepts. Additionally, by hearing different methods and strategies used by other groups, students can gain new perspectives and learn from their peers.

Group Discussion

Initiate group discussion by inviting each group to share their findings and the processes used in identifying and naming acids. Encourage students to explain how they arrived at each name, what the main challenges were, and how they overcame them. Suggest they use the presentation they prepared to assist in explaining their reasoning.

Key Questions

1. What were the main challenges when trying to name the acids and how did you overcome them?

2. Was there any formula that caused confusion? How did you resolve that?

3. What did you find more useful in acid nomenclature: the theory learned or the practical activities?

Conclusion

Duration: (5 - 10 minutes)

The Conclusion stage serves to ensure that all important concepts have been properly assimilated by students. It provides the opportunity to consolidate knowledge, reflect on the practical applications of what was learned, and understand the importance of the topic in daily life. Additionally, it reinforces the connection between theory and practice, preparing students for future learnings and applications of knowledge in diverse contexts.

Summary

To conclude, the teacher should summarize the main points covered in the lesson, reiterating the importance of acid nomenclature and highlighting the most common acids and their respective formulas and names. It is essential for students to revisit the content to reinforce learning and ensure that all concepts have been understood.

Theory Connection

During the lesson, the theory of acid nomenclature was connected with laboratory practices and everyday situations, such as the need to correctly identify substances in chemical reactions and commercial products. This practical approach helped solidify theoretical understanding through real applications and educational games.

Closing

Finally, it is crucial for students to understand that acid nomenclature is not just an academic exercise, but a skill that has direct applications in various areas, from laboratory safety to the formulation of chemicals used daily. Understanding and applying this nomenclature correctly can be critical in future scientific careers or in advanced study environments.