Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Main Objective: Understand the concept and formula of the area of a square. This objective will involve exploring the definition of a square, its characteristics, and how they relate to the formula for calculating its area.

2. Secondary Objective: Develop the ability to calculate the area of a square. This objective goes beyond theoretical understanding and involves the practical application of the formula for the area of a square to solve real and abstract problems.

   • Secondary Objective 1: Apply the formula for the area of a square to find the area of squares with sides of different lengths.
   • Secondary Objective 2: Solve problems involving the area of the square, such as determining the number of squares that can be formed within a larger figure.

3. Skill Development Objective: Promote the development of logical reasoning and problem-solving skills. When working with the area of a square, students will be encouraged to think logically and apply their mathematical skills to solve complex problems.

   • Skill Development Objective 1: Develop logical reasoning by exploring how the various parts of a square relate to determine its area.
   • Skill Development Objective 2: Enhance problem-solving skills by applying the formula for the area of a square to solve real-world and abstract problems.

The teacher should introduce these Objectives at the beginning of the lesson to establish learning expectations and guide students on what they will be able to do by the end of the lesson.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Review of Related Content: The teacher should start the lesson by briefly reviewing the concepts of area and square that were discussed in previous classes. This can be done through targeted questions to the students, such as 'What is area?' and 'How would we define a square?'. This review is essential to ensure that students have the necessary foundation to understand the new content.

2. Problem Situations: The teacher should then propose two problem situations that will motivate the study of the area of the square.

   • Problem situation 1: 'Imagine we have a square terrain. To plan the construction of a house, we need to know the area of this terrain. How could we calculate the area of the terrain?'

   • Problem situation 2: 'Now, suppose we have a large rectangular terrain. We want to divide this terrain into equal-sized squares. How could we determine how many equal-sized squares we could obtain?'

3. Contextualization: The teacher should then contextualize the importance of calculating the area of the square, explaining that this is a fundamental skill in many areas of life, such as architecture, engineering, interior design, among others. The teacher can also mention that calculating the area of the square is one of the first steps towards understanding more advanced concepts, such as calculating the area of other geometric shapes and integration.

4. Engaging Students' Attention: To draw students' attention to the topic, the teacher can share some curiosities or interesting applications of calculating the area of the square.

   • Curiosity 1: 'Did you know that the square is the only geometric shape that has equal sides and right angles? This makes calculating its area quite simple and straightforward.'

   • Curiosity 2: 'Have you seen the floors of some houses that are made of squares of different sizes, but still fit perfectly? This is possible thanks to the calculation of the square's area and the ability to find the right combination of squares of different sizes to fill a space without leaving any gaps.'

By the end of this stage, students should be motivated to learn about the area of the square and ready to actively participate in the lesson.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Activity 'Square Area in Real Life' (10 - 12 minutes)

   • Description: In this activity, students will be divided into groups of up to five members. Each group will receive a grid paper, a ruler, and a marker. The task will be to draw a square on the paper using the marker and ruler, measure the length of one side of the square, and then calculate the area of the square.
   • Step by step:
     1. Distribute the materials to each group.
     2. Provide clear instructions on how to measure the side of the square and how to calculate the area.
     3. Supervise the activity, helping groups that have difficulties.
     4. After all groups have calculated the area of their square, ask a representative from each group to share the area value and how they arrived at that value.
     5. Discuss in the classroom the different approaches and possible errors that may have occurred during the activity.

2. Activity 'Square Area in the Game' (10 - 13 minutes)

   • Description: In this activity, students will continue working in their groups. They will receive a set of building blocks of squares of different sizes. The goal will be to create a figure using all the blocks, so that the final figure is a square. Then, they should calculate the area of the final square.
   • Step by step:
     1. Distribute the block sets to each group.
     2. Explain the activity and the game rules: all blocks must be used, and the final figure must be a square.
     3. Let the groups work on creating their figures, supervising and assisting as needed.
     4. Once all groups have created their figures, each group should measure the side of the final square and calculate the area.
     5. Ask a representative from each group to share the area value and how they arrived at that value.
     6. Discuss in the classroom the different approaches and possible errors that may have occurred during the activity.

3. Activity 'Square Area Problems' (5 - 7 minutes)

   • Description: To conclude the Development stage, students will receive a sheet with problems involving the calculation of the square's area. They will have to solve the problems in their groups, applying what they learned during the previous activities.
   • Step by step:
     1. Distribute the sheet with the problems to each group.
     2. Explain the instructions and rules for solving the problems.
     3. Allow the groups to work together to solve the problems.
     4. After a set time, ask a representative from each group to share the solutions found.
     5. Discuss in the classroom the different approaches and possible errors that may have occurred during the activity.

Throughout all activities, the teacher should circulate around the room, observing the groups' work, clarifying doubts, and guiding the discussion to ensure that the learning Objectives are achieved.

Feedback (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (5 - 6 minutes)

   • Description: After the conclusion of the group activities, the teacher should gather all students for a group discussion. Each group will have the opportunity to share their solutions or conclusions with the class. The objective of this stage is to promote the exchange of ideas and stimulate students' critical thinking.
   • Step by step:
     1. The teacher should call each group to briefly present their solutions or conclusions. Each group will have a maximum of 2 minutes for the presentation.
     2. During the presentations, the teacher should encourage other students to ask questions and express their opinions.
     3. After each presentation, the teacher should ask questions to verify if students understood the discussed concepts.
     4. The teacher should also provide constructive feedback to each group, highlighting strengths and pointing out areas that need improvement.

2. Connection with Theory (2 - 3 minutes)

   • Description: After the discussions, the teacher should make the connection between the practical activities and the theory presented at the beginning of the lesson. The objective is to help students understand how theoretical concepts apply to practical situations.
   • Step by step:
     1. The teacher should briefly review the formula for the area of the square and how it was applied during the activities.
     2. The teacher should highlight how the formula for the area of the square allows calculating the amount of space a square occupies on a plane, and how this was useful in the practical activities.

3. Final Reflection (3 - 4 minutes)

   • Description: Finally, the teacher should propose that students reflect on what they have learned. The teacher will ask targeted questions to stimulate students' reflection and to assess their understanding of the lesson's topic.
   • Step by step:
     1. The teacher should ask questions like: 'What was the most important concept you learned today?', 'What questions have not been answered yet?' and 'How could you apply what you learned today in everyday situations?'.
     2. Students will have a minute to think about the questions and prepare their answers.
     3. Then, the teacher should call on some students to share their answers with the class.
     4. The teacher should encourage all students to respect their classmates' opinions and to actively participate in the discussion.

By the end of this stage, students should have a solid understanding of the concept of the square's area, the formula for calculating the area of a square, and the importance of this concept in everyday situations. Additionally, students should have enhanced their logical reasoning and problem-solving skills.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes)

   • Description: The teacher should summarize the main points covered during the lesson, recalling the definition of a square, the formula for calculating its area, and how these were applied in the practical activities.
   • Step by step:
     1. The teacher should briefly review the concepts of area and square, emphasizing the importance of understanding these concepts for calculating the square's area.
     2. Then, the teacher should recapitulate the formula for the area of the square, explaining again how it was used to calculate the area of the squares drawn in the 'Square Area in Real Life' activity and to solve the problems in the 'Square Area Problems' activity.
     3. The teacher should also remind students about the importance of logical reasoning and problem-solving skills for the understanding and application of the square's area.

2. Theory-Practice-Applications Connection (1 - 2 minutes)

   • Description: The teacher should explain how the lesson connected the theory, practice, and applications of the concept of the square's area.
   • Step by step:
     1. The teacher should highlight how the theoretical explanation of the calculation of the square's area was applied during the practical activity 'Square Area in Real Life'.
     2. The teacher should also remind students of the practical applications of calculating the square's area, such as in the problem situation proposed at the beginning of the lesson regarding the construction of a house on a square terrain.

3. Additional Materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   • Description: The teacher should suggest additional study materials so that students can deepen their understanding of the square's area. These materials may include math books, educational videos, online math games, among others.
   • Step by step:
     1. The teacher should provide a list of additional study materials, briefly explaining what each material covers and how it can help students better understand the concept of the square's area.
     2. The teacher should also encourage students to explore these materials on their own, highlighting the importance of autonomous study for effective learning.

4. Subject Importance (1 minute)

   • Description: To conclude the lesson, the teacher should emphasize the importance of calculating the square's area in everyday life, reinforcing that this is a fundamental skill in various professional fields, such as architecture, engineering, interior design, among others.
   • Step by step:
     1. The teacher should explain how calculating the square's area is applied in everyday situations, such as in the problem situation proposed at the beginning of the lesson.
     2. The teacher should also reinforce that, in addition to being useful in various professions, the ability to calculate the square's area contributes to the development of logical reasoning and problem-solving skills.

By the end of this stage, students should have a clear understanding of the concept of the square's area, the formula for calculating the area of a square, and the importance of this skill in various areas of life. Additionally, students should be prepared to deepen their understanding of the topic through the additional study materials suggested by the teacher.