Lesson Plan | Traditional Methodology | Pronouns and Adjectives: Demonstratives

Objectives

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to provide students with a clear and objective view of what will be addressed during the lesson. This helps to direct the students' attention to the main points and ensures that they know what is expected of them to learn by the end of the lesson.

Main Objectives

1. Differentiate the demonstrative pronouns 'this', 'that', 'these' and 'those'.

2. Correctly apply demonstrative pronouns in contextual sentences.

3. Understand the use of demonstrative adjectives in different contexts.

Introduction

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to capture students' attention and prepare them for the content that will be explored. By presenting the context and curiosities, the teacher creates an environment of interest and relevance, facilitating the understanding of the concepts of demonstrative pronouns and adjectives. This helps to establish the practical importance of the topic and its connection to the students' daily lives.

Context

To start the lesson on demonstrative pronouns and adjectives, explain that these elements are used to indicate and specify what we are talking about in relation to space and time. Tell students that when using demonstrative pronouns like 'this', 'that', 'these', and 'those', we point to objects or people and their location in relation to the speaker. For example, 'this' and 'these' are used for things that are close, while 'that' and 'those' refer to things that are farther away.

Curiosities

Did you know that the correct use of demonstrative pronouns can completely change the meaning of a sentence? For example, saying 'this book' can indicate a book that is in your hands, while 'that book' could refer to a book on the shelf next to you. Understanding these subtleties is crucial for clear and effective communication, especially in international contexts where misunderstandings can easily occur.

Development

Duration: (50 - 60 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to deepen students' understanding of the use of demonstrative pronouns and adjectives, providing a detailed explanation and practical examples to consolidate their knowledge. This section aims to ensure that students not only recognize but also correctly apply these elements in different linguistic contexts.

Covered Topics

1. Demonstrative Pronouns: Explain that the demonstrative pronouns in English are 'this', 'that', 'these', and 'those'. 'This' and 'these' are used for objects or people that are close to the speaker, while 'that' and 'those' are used for objects or people that are farther away. 2. Demonstrative Adjectives: Detail that the demonstrative adjectives in English are the same as the demonstrative pronouns but used directly before a noun. For example, 'this book' and 'those houses'. 3. Rules of Use: Present the general rules for using demonstrative pronouns and adjectives. 'This' is used for a nearby object (singular), 'these' for nearby objects (plural), 'that' for a distant object (singular), and 'those' for distant objects (plural). 4. Practical Examples: Provide practical examples to illustrate the use of demonstrative pronouns and adjectives. Ex: 'This is my pen.', 'These are my friends.', 'That is your car.', 'Those are your shoes.'. 5. Comparisons: Make comparisons between demonstrative pronouns and adjectives to reinforce understanding. For example, show the difference between 'this book' and 'that book', or 'these apples' and 'those apples'.

Classroom Questions

1. Complete the sentence with the correct demonstrative pronoun: ____ is my house. 2. Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: ____ are my books. 3. Transform the sentence 'That is a cat.' into plural.

Questions Discussion

Duration: (20 - 25 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to review and consolidate students' understanding of demonstrative pronouns and adjectives. By discussing the questions, the teacher can correct any misunderstandings and reinforce the practical application of the concepts. The engagement questions encourage students to reflect on what they have learned and to apply their knowledge in everyday situations, promoting a deeper and lasting understanding.

Discussion

• Discussion of the Questions

• 1. Complete the sentence with the correct demonstrative pronoun: ____ is my house.
• • Explanation: The correct answer is 'This is my house.' because 'this' is used to indicate something that is close to the speaker.
• 2. Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: ____ are my books.
• • Explanation: The correct answer is 'These are my books.' because 'these' is used to indicate things that are close and in plural.
• 3. Transform the sentence 'That is a cat.' into plural.
• • Explanation: The plural sentence is 'Those are cats.' because 'those' is used to indicate things that are distant and in plural.

Student Engagement

1. Student Engagement 2. 1. Why is it important to use demonstrative pronouns correctly in a conversation? 3. 2. How would you differentiate 'this' from 'that' in a real situation? Give an example. 4. 3. What is the difference between 'these' and 'those'? Give an example of each. 5. 4. Can you create a sentence using 'this' and another using 'those'? 6. 5. How can demonstrative pronouns help to avoid misunderstandings in a conversation?

Conclusion

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to summarize and review the main content covered during the lesson, ensuring that students have a clear and consolidated understanding of the concepts discussed. The conclusion also reinforces the practical relevance of the topic, connecting theoretical learning with everyday situations and emphasizing the importance of precise and effective communication.

Summary

• Differentiate between the demonstrative pronouns 'this', 'that', 'these', and 'those'.
• Correctly apply demonstrative pronouns in contextual sentences.
• Understand the use of demonstrative adjectives in different contexts.
• General rules for using demonstrative pronouns and adjectives.
• Practical examples to illustrate the use of demonstrative pronouns and adjectives.

During the lesson, detailed theoretical explanations about demonstrative pronouns and adjectives were presented, followed by practical examples that helped connect theory with practice. Students were encouraged to apply this knowledge in contextual sentences, reinforcing the importance of clear and precise communication.

The correct use of demonstrative pronouns and adjectives is fundamental for effective communication in everyday life. These elements help specify and clarify what is being discussed, avoiding misunderstandings. For example, by learning the difference between 'this' and 'that', students can describe objects and situations more accurately, which is especially useful in international contexts where clarity is essential.