Lesson plan of Verbs: Periphrastic Future

Objectives (5-7 minutes)

1. Understanding and identifying future tense periphrasis: Students should be able to understand the concept and structure of future tense periphrasis in the Spanish language. They should be able to identify and differentiate the forms of future tense periphrasis in different contexts.

2. Practice using future tense periphrasis: Students should be able to correctly apply future tense periphrasis in their oral and written productions. They should be able to create sentences using future tense periphrasis appropriately.

3. Recognizing future tense periphrasis in texts: Students should be able to identify future tense periphrasis in authentic Spanish texts. They should be able to understand the meaning and function of these verbal constructions in the context of the text.

Secondary Objectives:

• Developing fluency and listening comprehension: By becoming familiar with future tense periphrasis, students will also be improving their oral comprehension skills, since these constructions are frequently used in everyday Spanish speech.

• Improving writing skills: Practicing the use of future tense periphrasis will also contribute to students’ writing skills development, as they will have to correctly apply these constructions in their written productions.

Introduction (10-12 minutes)

1. Content Review: The teacher should begin the lesson by reviewing the basic concepts of verbs in Spanish, focusing especially on the conjugation of regular verbs and the formation of the simple future tense. This can be done through a brief interactive recap, where students are encouraged to participate, offering examples and explaining the rules. (3-4 minutes)

2. Problem Situations: The teacher should present two problem situations that will serve as the basis for introducing the topic of the lesson. The first situation could be that of a student who wants to express a future action but cannot find the correct word in his/her vocabulary. The second situation could be that of a person who is reading a text in Spanish and encounters a verbal construction that he/she cannot understand. These situations will serve to draw students’ attention to the importance of future tense periphrasis and to arouse their interest in the topic. (2-3 minutes)

3. Contextualization of the importance of the topic: The teacher should then contextualize the importance of the topic, explaining that future tense periphrasis are widely used in both spoken and written Spanish. He/she can mention that by mastering this aspect of the language, students will be able to communicate more effectively in everyday situations and in academic and professional contexts. (2-3 minutes)

4. Topic Introduction: To introduce the topic in an engaging way, the teacher can share two curiosities about future tense periphrasis. The first is that, in Spanish, there are several ways of expressing the future, and one of them is through verbal periphrasis. The second is that future tense periphrasis can vary from one region to another, which makes the study of this topic even more interesting. (2-3 minutes)

Development (20-25 minutes)

1. Theory and Concepts (10-12 minutes)

1.1. Definition of Future Tense Periphrasis: The teacher should start the theoretical part by explaining what future tense periphrasis are in Spanish. He/she should emphasize that these are constructions formed by an auxiliary verb in the present tense (ir a, acabar de, etc.) and a main verb in the infinitive, which together express an action that will occur in the future. (2-3 minutes)

1.2. Classification of Future Tense Periphrasis: Next, the teacher should classify future tense periphrasis into two types: those of action (ir a, acabar de, etc.) and those of probability (deber de, tener que, etc.). He/she should explain that those of action indicate an action that will take place in the future, while those of probability express an action that is very likely to occur in the future. (2-3 minutes)

1.3. Examples and Contexts of Use: The teacher should give several examples of future tense periphrasis and explain in which contexts they are used. For example, he/she can show how the periphrasis "ir a" is used to express an action that will occur in the near future, and how the periphrasis "deber de" is used to express an action that is very likely to occur in the future. (3-4 minutes)

1.4. Differences between Periphrasis and Verb Tenses: The teacher should then explain the difference between future tense periphrasis and the simple future tense. He/she should emphasize that, while the simple future tense is used to express a certain future action, future tense periphrasis are used to express probable or likely future actions. (2-3 minutes)

2. Guided Practice (5-7 minutes)

2.1. Gap-Filling Exercises: The teacher should distribute a series of gap-filling exercises, where students have to complete the sentences with the appropriate future tense periphrasis. He/she should guide students during the activity, clarifying doubts and correcting mistakes. (3-4 minutes)

2.2. Sentence Creation Exercises: Next, the teacher should propose a sentence creation exercise, where students have to create their own sentences using future tense periphrasis. He/she should encourage students to be creative and to use the sentences in real-life contexts. (2-3 minutes)

3. Practical Application (5-6 minutes)

3.1. Group Discussion: To reinforce learning, the teacher should propose a group discussion, where students have to discuss and present examples of how future tense periphrasis are used in different contexts, such as in informal conversations, formal texts, and literary works. The teacher should guide the discussion, correcting possible mistakes and clarifying doubts. (3-4 minutes)

3.2. Writing Activity: Finally, the teacher should propose a writing activity, where students have to write a short text using future tense periphrasis. He/she should encourage students to apply what they have learned autonomously and creatively. (2-3 minutes)

Closure (8-10 minutes)

1. Review of Concepts (3-4 minutes):

• The teacher should start by reviewing the key concepts of the lesson, recalling the definition of future tense periphrasis, the types of periphrasis (of action and of probability), and examples of how they are used in different contexts.

• He/she can do this through a brief interactive recap, where students are invited to remember and explain the concepts, or to give examples from their own experiences.

2. Connection between Theory and Practice (2-3 minutes):

• Next, the teacher should make the connection between the theory presented and the practical activities carried out.

• He/she can highlight how the gap-filling and sentence creation activities helped students to apply the theory in practice, and how the group discussion and writing activity allowed them to explore and better understand the use of future tense periphrasis in different contexts.

3. Reflection on Learning (2-3 minutes):

• Next, the teacher should propose that students reflect on what they have learned in the lesson.

• He/she can do this by asking questions such as: "What was the most important concept you learned today?" and "What questions have not yet been answered?"

• He/she should give students time to think about the questions and share their answers with the class.

• The teacher should encourage an open and respectful discussion, where all students feel comfortable expressing their opinions and doubts.

4. Feedback and Next Steps (1-2 minutes):

• Finally, the teacher should provide feedback to students on their performance in the lesson and give suggestions for improvement.

• He/she should praise students’ efforts, highlighting the positive points and expressing confidence in their progress.

• The teacher should also point to the next steps, explaining what will be covered in the next lesson and how students can prepare for it.

• He/she should encourage students to keep practicing the use of future tense periphrasis in their Spanish study and communication activities.

Conclusion (5-7 minutes)

1. Summary and Recap (2-3 minutes):

• The teacher should begin the Conclusion by recalling the main points covered in the lesson. He/she should summarize the definition of future tense periphrasis, the classification into periphrasis of action and of probability, and the recognition and use of these verbal constructions in real-life contexts.

• He/she can do this through an interactive recap, where students are invited to remember and explain the concepts, or to give examples from their own experiences.

2. Connection between Theory and Practice (1-2 minutes):

• The teacher should then highlight how the lesson connected theory and practice. He/she should explain that, through the theoretical explanation, students acquired the necessary basis to understand future tense periphrasis, while the practical activities helped them to apply this knowledge effectively and autonomously.

• He/she should reinforce that the connection between theory and practice is essential for effective learning of any topic.

3. Complementary Materials (1 minute):

• The teacher should suggest complementary study materials for students. These may include grammar books, language learning websites, YouTube videos, and language learning apps.

• He/she should encourage students to explore these resources to deepen their understanding of future tense periphrasis and improve their skills in using these constructions.

4. Practical Application (1-2 minutes):

• Finally, the teacher should emphasize the importance of the knowledge acquired for students’ everyday and academic lives. He/she should explain that, by mastering the use of future tense periphrasis, students will be able to communicate more effectively and accurately in Spanish.

• He/she can give examples of how these constructions are used in different contexts, such as in informal conversations, academic texts, and professional situations.

• The teacher should encourage students to apply what they have learned in their Spanish study and communication activities, and reinforce that regular practice is essential to consolidate learning.