Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the historical and social context of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism: Students should be able to identify the main characteristics of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism, as well as understand how these artistic movements reflect the social and historical context in which they emerged.

2. Identify and differentiate the artistic characteristics of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism: Students should be able to distinguish the artistic characteristics of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism, both in terms of painting, sculpture, and architecture techniques, and in terms of artistic themes and approaches.

3. Analyze and interpret works of art from Romanticism and Contemporary Realism: Students should be able to analyze and interpret works of art from Romanticism and Contemporary Realism, identifying elements such as tone, composition, style, and message.

   Secondary objectives:

   • Develop research and critical analysis skills.
   • Stimulate reflective thinking and argumentative expression.
   • Foster appreciation for art and understanding of its role in society.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of previous contents (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should start the lesson by reviewing the concepts of artistic movements, focusing on the historical periods that preceded Romanticism and Contemporary Realism. This can be done through a quick oral quiz or a question and answer game.

2. Problem situations (3 - 5 minutes): The teacher should propose two situations to the students, both based on relevant historical events. The first one could be the Industrial Revolution and how it impacted people's lives, society, and art. The second one could be the French Revolution and how the pursuit of liberty, equality, and fraternity was reflected in the art of the time. These situations will serve as a basis for understanding the historical and social context of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism.

3. Contextualization of the subject's importance (3 - 5 minutes): The teacher should explain how the study of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism contributes to the understanding of the evolution of art and society. They can cite examples of how these movements influenced and were influenced by historical, philosophical, and social events. Additionally, they can highlight the relevance of these movements for the development of critical thinking and artistic expression.

4. Capturing students' attention (2 - 3 minutes): To spark students' interest, the teacher can show images of some of the most famous works of art from Romanticism and Contemporary Realism, such as Eugène Delacroix's "Liberty Leading the People" and Edvard Munch's "The Scream." They can then ask students what they think these works represent and why they are considered so important and influential. This will serve as an introduction to the topic and a way to assess students' prior knowledge.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Theory presentation (10 - 12 minutes)

   1.1. Romanticism (5 - 6 minutes): The teacher should start the discussion by presenting Romanticism as an artistic movement that emerged in the late 18th and early 19th centuries as a reaction to classicism and the Enlightenment. They should highlight Romanticism's emphasis on emotion, subjectivity, and imagination, contrasting with the rationality and objectivity of the previous period.

   1.2. Contemporary Realism (5 - 6 minutes): Next, the teacher should introduce Contemporary Realism as a movement that developed in opposition to the idealism and subjectivism of Romanticism. They should explain how Contemporary Realism sought to portray reality in an objective and impartial manner, often focusing on social and political themes.

   1.3. Comparison between the two movements (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should then compare Romanticism and Contemporary Realism, highlighting their differences and similarities. They can discuss how both movements reacted to the historical and social context of their time, but in distinct ways.

2. Group discussion (5 - 7 minutes)

   2.1. Contextualization of the theories (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should then lead a group discussion, asking students to relate the information presented to the problem situations proposed at the beginning of the lesson. Students should be encouraged to share their opinions and ideas, promoting a collaborative learning environment.

   2.2. Analysis of works of art (3 - 4 minutes): Next, the teacher should present some works of art representative of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism. Students should be asked to analyze the works, identifying the characteristics of each movement and discussing how these characteristics reflect the historical and social context.

3. Practical activities (5 - 6 minutes)

   3.1. Drawing inspired by Romanticism and Contemporary Realism (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should propose a drawing activity in which students will be challenged to create a work of art inspired by Romanticism and Contemporary Realism. Students can use colored pencils, crayons, or any other drawing material available. During the activity, the teacher should move around the room, offering guidance and feedback.

   3.2. Presentation and discussion of the works (2 - 3 minutes): At the end of the activity, students should present their works to the class. The teacher should lead a discussion, asking students to explain their choices of style and theme, and how they reflect Romanticism and Contemporary Realism. This activity allows students to apply the knowledge acquired in a practical and creative way.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group discussion (3 - 4 minutes)

   1.1. Sharing of solutions (1 minute): The teacher should ask each group to share their conclusions about the analyzed works of art and the discussed problem situations. Each group should have a maximum of 1 minute to make their presentation and explain their ideas.

   1.2. Comparison and contrasts (2 - 3 minutes): After each presentation, the teacher should facilitate a discussion where students are encouraged to compare the solutions presented, highlighting the similarities and differences between the works of art and the conclusions drawn. This will allow students to see the diversity of possible interpretations and develop critical thinking and argumentation skills.

   1.3. Reflection on the learning process (1 minute): The teacher should conclude the discussion by asking students to reflect on what they learned during the activity. They should think about which concepts were most important, which questions remain unanswered, and how they can apply what they learned in other situations.

2. Connection with the theory (2 - 3 minutes)

   2.1. Review of concepts (1 minute): The teacher should briefly review the main concepts of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism, emphasizing how they were applied during the activity.

   2.2. Discussion on the application of the theory (2 minutes): Next, the teacher should lead a discussion on how the practical activity helped students better understand the theory. Students can be encouraged to share specific examples of how they applied the concepts of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism in their works of art.

3. Individual reflection (2 - 3 minutes)

   3.1. Reflection moment (2 minutes): The teacher should then suggest that students reflect individually on what they learned. They should think about answers to questions such as: What was the most important concept I learned today? What questions remain unanswered? How can I apply what I learned in my daily life?

   3.2. Sharing reflections (1 minute): After the reflection time, the teacher can ask some students to share their reflections with the class. This will allow the teacher to assess the impact of the lesson on students' learning and identify any areas that may need reinforcement in future classes.

Throughout the entire process, the teacher should be attentive to encourage the participation of all students, ensuring that everyone has the opportunity to share their ideas and reflections. Additionally, the teacher should provide constructive and encouraging feedback, recognizing students' efforts and highlighting the positive aspects of their contributions.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary and Recapitulation (2 - 3 minutes)

   1.1. Review of key points (1 minute): The teacher should start the Conclusion by summarizing the key points discussed in the lesson, recalling the distinct characteristics of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism, and how they were influenced by the historical and social context.

   1.2. Connection between theory and practice (1 - 2 minutes): Next, the teacher should reinforce how the practical activity of creating works of art allowed students to apply the theoretical concepts in a concrete and meaningful way.

2. Extra materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   2.1. Reading and viewing suggestions (1 minute): The teacher should then suggest some additional study materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge of Romanticism and Contemporary Realism. This may include books, documentaries, art websites, and virtual museums.

3. Relevance of the subject (1 - 2 minutes)

   3.1. Application in daily life (1 minute): Finally, the teacher should emphasize the relevance of studying Romanticism and Contemporary Realism for students' lives. They can explain how the ability to analyze and interpret works of art can enhance students' understanding of the world around them, allowing them to see beyond the surface and appreciate the complexity and beauty of art and life.

   3.2. Connection with other disciplines (1 minute): Additionally, the teacher can highlight how the study of art connects with other disciplines, such as history, literature, philosophy, and social sciences, enriching students' understanding of a variety of topics.

Throughout the Conclusion, the teacher should maintain a tone of encouragement and support, reinforcing the importance of students' effort and engagement. They should remind students that learning is a continuous process and that curiosity and the willingness to learn are the most valuable tools they possess.