Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the concept of Organic Salt:

   • Identify the chemical structure of an organic salt, differentiating it from other compounds.
   • Recognize the nomenclature and structural formula of an organic salt.
   • Explain the physical and chemical characteristics and properties of organic salts.

2. Analyze the importance and application of Organic Salts in daily life:

   • Identify examples of organic salts present in everyday products.
   • Relate the structure and properties of organic salts to their practical applications.

3. Develop problem-solving skills and critical thinking:

   • Apply the acquired knowledge to solve questions and problems related to organic salts.
   • Formulate hypotheses and make predictions based on the understanding of organic salts.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of previous contents:

   • The teacher starts the lesson by reviewing concepts of organic functions, such as hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters. This is essential for students to understand the formation of organic salts from these functions.

2. Problem situations:

   • The teacher can propose two initial situations to stimulate students' thinking:
     1. "Why is table salt, which we use daily, different from other salts such as ammonia salt used in cleaning some environments, or Epsom salt used in relaxing baths?"
     2. "Have you ever thought that many of the flavors we taste in processed foods are actually organic salts? How is this possible?"

3. Contextualization:

   • The teacher can explain that organic salts are widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, as they provide flavor, aroma, texture, and preservation to products. Additionally, they can mention that these salts are also present in nature, being essential for the metabolism of plants and animals.

4. Engage students' attention:

   • The teacher can present some curiosities, such as:
     1. "Did you know that table salt, or sodium chloride, is the main component of human tears and sweat?"
     2. "And that Epsom salt, or magnesium sulfate, can be used not only in baths but also as a fertilizer for plants? This is because magnesium is an essential nutrient for them!"
   • After this Introduction, students should be curious and motivated to learn more about organic salts.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Theory Presentation (10 - 12 minutes)

   • The teacher should start the theoretical part by explaining that organic salts are compounds that have, in their structure, a cation from an organic base and an anion from an organic acid.
   • Next, the nomenclature of organic salts should be addressed, following the general rule of starting with the cation name, followed by the anion name (without the ending "ic" or "ate" from the corresponding acid) and, finally, adding the word "salt". Examples: ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and sodium acetate (CH3COONa).
   • The teacher should explain that organic salts can be found both in nature (like sodium citrate, present in lemon) and can be artificially produced (like monosodium glutamate, widely used as a flavor enhancer in processed foods).
   • Finally, the teacher should emphasize that organic salts have their own characteristics and properties, such as melting point, boiling point, and solubility, which vary according to the nature of the cation and anion present.

2. Resolution of Examples (5 - 7 minutes)

   • The teacher should propose some examples of organic salts and ask students to identify the cation and anion present, as well as name the compound. Examples: potassium acetate (KCH3COO), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7).
   • Then, the teacher should ask students to compare the characteristics and properties of the presented organic salts, such as melting point and solubility, and try to explain the observed differences based on the nature of the cation and anion.

3. Group Discussion (5 - 6 minutes)

   • The teacher should divide the class into groups and propose a discussion about the presence and importance of organic salts in our daily lives. Students should be encouraged to bring examples of products that use organic salts in their composition and discuss the possible consequences of excessive consumption of these products for human health.
   • The teacher should circulate around the room, guiding and clarifying students' doubts during the discussion.

4. Practical Activity (5 - 7 minutes)

   • The teacher should propose a practical activity in which students will observe the effect of adding different organic salts to a water and oil solution. For this, each group will receive small quantities of different organic salts (such as table salt, ammonia salt, and Epsom salt) and should add them, one at a time, to a container containing water and oil. Students should observe what happens and try to explain the observed phenomenon based on the structure and properties of organic salts.

Return (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes)

   • The teacher should suggest that each group shares their conclusions from the practical activity. Each group will have a maximum of 3 minutes to present.
   • During the presentations, the teacher should encourage the participation of other students, prompting them to ask questions and make comments. The goal is to promote an exchange of ideas and experiences among students, enriching the learning process.

2. Connection with Theory (2 - 3 minutes)

   • After the presentations, the teacher should revisit the theoretical concepts covered in the lesson, relating them to the conclusions presented by the groups.
   • The teacher should emphasize how the theory of organic salts helps to understand and explain the phenomena observed in the practical activity.

3. Individual Reflection (3 - 4 minutes)

   • The teacher should suggest that students reflect individually on what they learned in the lesson. For this, questions like:
     1. "What was the most important concept you learned today?"
     2. "What questions have not been answered yet?"
   • Students will have a minute to think and write down their answers. Then, the teacher should open a space for some students to share their reflections with the class.

4. Teacher's Feedback (2 - 3 minutes)

   • Finally, the teacher should provide overall feedback on the lesson, highlighting the positive points and areas that still need reinforcement.
   • The teacher should also take this opportunity to clarify any doubts that arose during the lesson and to reinforce the most important concepts.

5. Homework Assignment (1 minute)

   • The teacher should assign homework, which can be solving exercises on organic salts. The goal is for students to practice what they have learned and consolidate their knowledge for the next lesson.
   • The teacher should inform students how and when the homework should be submitted.

Conclusion (3 - 5 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should recap the main points covered during the lesson, reinforcing the concept of organic salts, their structure, nomenclature, characteristics, and properties.
   • They should also recall the examples of organic salts presented and the discussions held about the presence and importance of these compounds in our daily lives.

2. Connection with Practice (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should highlight how the presented theory is directly related to practice, mentioning the activity carried out during the lesson and how it allowed students to observe the properties of organic salts in practice.
   • They should also reinforce how the acquired knowledge can be applied in everyday situations, such as reading food labels and understanding industrial processes.

3. Indication of Extra Materials (1 minute)

   • The teacher should suggest complementary study materials, such as explanatory videos, chemistry websites, and textbooks, so that students can deepen their knowledge of organic salts.
   • For example, they can recommend a video showing the production of a processed food and discussing the presence of organic salts in its composition, or a website presenting simple experiments that students can do at home to observe the properties of organic salts.

4. Relevance of the Subject (1 minute)

   • Finally, the teacher should emphasize the importance of studying organic salts, explaining that these compounds are present in various aspects of our lives, from food to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
   • They should also emphasize that the knowledge acquired about organic salts is fundamental for understanding other topics in organic chemistry and for the formation of conscious and critical citizens regarding the use of chemical products in our daily lives.