Lesson Plan | Technical Methodology | Second Industrial Revolution and 19th Century Social Doctrines: Review

Objectives

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to provide a clear and detailed understanding of the technological and political processes that gave rise to the Second Industrial Revolution, as well as the liberal and Marxist thoughts that emerged in the 19th century. This theoretical foundation is essential for the development of practical and experimental skills that will be explored in subsequent activities, ensuring that students can apply this knowledge in real contexts and in the job market.

Main Objectives

1. Identify the main technological advancements of the Second Industrial Revolution.

2. Understand the political and social changes that occurred in the 19th century.

3. Analyze liberal and Marxist thoughts and their influence on society.

Side Objectives

1. Develop research and critical analysis skills.
2. Foster the connection between historical content and the contemporary job market.

Introduction

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

Purpose: The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to spark students' interest in the topic by connecting it to real-life situations and the contemporary job market. The contextualization and curiosities provide a solid foundation for understanding the importance of the innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution, while the initial activity stimulates critical thinking and group discussion.

Contextualization

Contextualization: The Second Industrial Revolution, which took place between the late 19th century and the early 20th century, was a period of great technological, economic, and social changes. During this period, innovations such as electricity, the combustion engine, and steel transformed industry and people's daily lives. In addition, new political ideologies such as liberalism and Marxism emerged in response to economic changes and working conditions in factories. These movements profoundly shaped the modern world and continue to influence current society.

Curiosities and Market Connection

Curiosities and Market Connection: During the Second Industrial Revolution, the invention of the electric light bulb by Thomas Edison and the popularization of the internal combustion engine by Karl Benz were significant milestones. These innovations not only revolutionized industry but also gave rise to new markets and professions. For example, the automotive industry, which began with mass production of cars, is now one of the most important sectors of the global economy. Furthermore, the emergence of unions and labor movements during this period established the foundations for modern labor rights and workplace safety regulations.

Initial Activity

Initial Activity: Show a short video (3-5 minutes) that illustrates the main innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution and how they transformed society. Then, pose a thought-provoking question to the students: 'How do you think life would be different today if electricity had not been invented?' Ask the students to discuss in small groups and share their ideas with the class.

Development

Duration: 50 - 60 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to promote the practical application of the knowledge acquired about the Second Industrial Revolution and the social doctrines of the 19th century. Students will be challenged to use their creativity and practical skills to build a prototype while reflecting on the historical and social impact of technological innovations. Furthermore, the fixation exercises will help consolidate the understanding of the topics discussed.

Covered Topics

1. Main inventions and technological innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution
2. Economic and social impacts of new technologies
3. Emergence of new professions and industries
4. Development of liberal and Marxist doctrines
5. Influence of new ideologies on politics and society

Reflections on the Theme

Guide students to reflect on how the technological innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution transformed society at the time and how these changes are perceived today. Encourage a discussion on the relationship between technological advancement and working conditions, as well as society's response to these changes through liberal and Marxist doctrines.

Mini Challenge

Mini Challenge: Building an Invention Prototype

Students will be divided into groups and challenged to create a prototype of an invention inspired by the technologies of the Second Industrial Revolution. They can use recyclable materials and other available resources to build something that represents one of the technological innovations of that period.

Instructions

1. Divide the class into groups of 4-5 students.
2. Distribute recyclable materials and other resources (cardboard, plastic bottles, adhesive tapes, etc.).
3. Each group must choose an invention from the Second Industrial Revolution (e.g., electric light bulb, combustion engine, steel) and create a prototype representing that invention.
4. Students must document the construction process with photos and notes on the challenges encountered and the solutions adopted.
5. After construction, each group must present their prototype to the class, explaining the importance of the chosen invention and how it impacted society.

Objective: Develop practical construction and teamwork skills, as well as connect historical knowledge with practical and creative application.

Duration: 35 - 40 minutes

Evaluation Exercises

1. Explain how electricity transformed people's lives during the Second Industrial Revolution.
2. Discuss the economic impacts of the popularization of the internal combustion engine.
3. Compare and contrast the main ideas of liberalism and Marxism.
4. Identify new professions that emerged as a result of the technological innovations of the time.
5. Analyze how working conditions in factories influenced the emergence of labor movements and unions.

Conclusion

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to consolidate the knowledge acquired by students, promoting critical reflection on the content covered and its practical applications. This conclusion moment is crucial for connecting theory and practice, ensuring that students understand the historical and contemporary relevance of the studied topic.

Discussion

Facilitate a discussion on the topic covered in the lesson, encouraging students to reflect on the practical activities performed and the theoretical knowledge acquired. Ask how building the prototype helped them understand the technological innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution and request them to compare the liberal and Marxist doctrines with the current context. Stimulate them to think about how these historical concepts influence the job market and society today.

Summary

Summarize the main content presented, highlighting the key technological innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution, such as electricity and the combustion engine, and the social and political changes that arose, including liberalism and Marxism. Reinforce the importance of these innovations and ideologies in the development of modern society.

Closing

Explain how the lesson connected theory and practice by allowing students to build a prototype of a historical invention and discuss its social and economic implications. Emphasize the importance of understanding the past to apply this knowledge practically in the present and future, highlighting connections with the job market.