Objectives (5 minutes)

1. Provide a comprehensive overview of musical styles, identifying their distinct characteristics, origins, and cultural influences.
2. Present reference musicians from each musical style, exploring their significant contributions and influences on music.
3. Promote an appreciation of the variety and richness of the music component, encouraging students to explore and appreciate different music genres.

Secondary Objectives:

• Stimulate students' critical analysis skills when evaluating the influence of musical styles on society and how they shape and are shaped by culture.
• Develop research skills, as students will be encouraged to seek more information about the musicians and styles discussed during the lesson.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Concept Review: The teacher should start by reviewing some basic music concepts, including rhythm, melody, harmony, and how these elements combine to create different musical styles. This will help establish a solid foundation for exploring musical styles and their musicians. (3 minutes)
2. Problem Situations:
   1. The teacher may ask: "How can different musical styles influence how we feel or think? How could a particular musician have used their style to express their emotions or viewpoints?" These questions will open an initial discussion about the influence of music on society and the individual. (3 - 4 minutes)
   2. Another question could be: "How have different cultures around the world influenced the evolution of musical styles? Can we identify elements of these cultures in the music we hear today?" This will lead to reflection on the interaction between music and culture. (3 - 4 minutes)
3. Contextualization: The teacher should then explain that music, besides being a form of entertainment, is also a powerful form of cultural expression. They should emphasize that by studying different musical styles and their musicians, students will not only appreciate music at a deeper level but also develop a richer understanding of the diverse cultures and societies that gave rise to these styles. (3 minutes)
4. Capturing Attention:
   1. The teacher can share the curiosity that music has the power to alter our emotional and physical state, with studies showing that it can even influence our heart rate and blood pressure. (1 minute)
   2. Another exciting curiosity is that many music styles we know and love today are products of cultural "fusions." For example, jazz is a product of the fusion of African and European musical traditions, while reggae combines elements of African, Caribbean, and American music. (1 minute)

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Discovering Musical Styles (10-15 minutes):

   1. In this activity, the teacher divides the students into groups and gives each group an envelope containing information about a specific musical style (jazz, rock, pop, hip-hop, country, classical music, etc.). This information includes characteristics of the musical style, its origin, cultural influences, and some reference musicians.
   2. Each group will be tasked with researching more about the musical style and reference musicians, using their smartphones or computers.
   3. After the research, each group should prepare a short presentation to share their findings with the class. The presentation should include a brief description of the musical style, its history, reference musicians, and at least one example song.
   4. While the groups are working, the teacher should circulate around the room, providing assistance when needed and ensuring that all students are engaged in the activity.

2. Musical Association Game (5-10 minutes):

   1. After the presentations, the teacher starts a musical association game. In this game, the teacher plays a snippet of a song, and the students must identify the musical style to which it belongs.
   2. The teacher should prepare a diverse playlist with different musical styles for the game.
   3. The groups compete against each other to identify the musical style. The group that correctly identifies the most styles wins the game.
   4. This game not only reinforces the knowledge acquired during the presentations but also helps develop critical listening skills.

3. Playlist Creation (5 minutes):

   1. As a final task, each group must create a playlist representing the musical style they investigated. Each playlist should contain at least five songs, chosen to represent the breadth and variety of the musical style in question.
   2. The playlists will be shared with the whole class, providing each student with the opportunity to explore a variety of musical styles at their own pace.
   3. This activity not only reinforces the material learned but also promotes an appreciation for music and the discovery of new genres and artists.

These interactive and engaging activities encourage students to actively engage in learning, rather than being mere recipients of information. They also promote collaboration and research, important skills for continuous learning.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes):

   1. The teacher should facilitate a group discussion where each team shares their findings and conclusions about the musical style they investigated.
   2. During this discussion, the teacher should question the groups about the characteristics of the musical style, the reference musicians, and how they influenced or were influenced by society and the culture of their time.
   3. The teacher should also encourage students to share their personal opinions about the songs they chose for their playlist and why they are representative of the musical style in question.

2. Connection to Theory (3 - 4 minutes):

   1. After the discussion, the teacher should connect the students' findings with the theory discussed at the beginning of the lesson.
   2. For example, the teacher can highlight how the elements of rhythm, melody, and harmony manifest uniquely in each musical style.
   3. The teacher should also reinforce the idea that music is a form of cultural expression and that musical styles are influenced by the cultures and societies that created them.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes):

   1. Finally, the teacher should ask students to reflect for a minute on what they learned during the lesson.
   2. The teacher can ask questions like: "What was the most important concept you learned today?" and "What questions have not been answered yet?".
   3. After a minute of reflection, the teacher should request that some students share their answers with the class. This will help assess the effectiveness of the lesson and identify any areas that may need further exploration or explanation.

4. Feedback and Evaluation (1 minute):

   1. The teacher should encourage students to share their feedback on the lesson, including what they liked, what they didn't like, and how they think the lesson could be improved.
   2. The teacher should also evaluate the students' performance during the lesson, noting their level of engagement, the quality of their questions and answers, and their participation in group activities.

This final step allows the teacher to assess students' learning and engagement, while also offering students the opportunity to reflect on what they learned and how they can apply that knowledge. It also encourages students to take responsibility for their own learning, promoting self-critique and reflection.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary and Recap (2 - 3 minutes):

   1. The teacher should summarize and recap the key points covered during the lesson. This includes reviewing the different musical styles, their distinct characteristics, origins, cultural influences, and reference musicians.
   2. The teacher should also reinforce the importance of understanding music as a form of cultural expression, and how its evolution is influenced by society and culture.
   3. Additionally, the teacher should highlight the key concepts that students learned, including the ability for critical analysis when evaluating the influence of music on society, and the research skills when investigating more about musical styles and musicians.

2. Connecting Theory to Practice (1 - 2 minutes):

   1. The teacher should emphasize how the practical activities of the lesson, such as researching musical styles, group presentations, the musical association game, and playlist creation, helped connect theory to practice.
   2. The teacher should emphasize that these activities not only allowed students to explore and understand musical styles in a more profound and meaningful way but also reinforced their critical listening, research, and collaboration skills.

3. Supplementary Materials (1 minute):

   1. The teacher should suggest some additional resources for students to further explore the topic. This may include books, documentaries, podcasts, websites, or other digital resources that offer more information about musical styles and musicians.
   2. The teacher may also suggest that students continue to explore and discover new musical styles and artists on their own, encouraging them to keep an open and curious mind about music.

4. Everyday Relevance (1 minute):

   1. In conclusion, the teacher should emphasize the relevance of what was learned to students' everyday lives.
   2. The teacher can stress that music is an integral part of our lives, affecting us emotionally and physically, and that understanding different musical styles allows us to appreciate music at a deeper level.
   3. Additionally, the teacher can highlight that the skills learned, such as critical analysis, research, and collaboration, are valuable not only for understanding music but also for other areas of study and for life in general.