Objectives (5 - 10 minutes)

Main Objectives:

1. Understand and describe the basic rules of volleyball, including scoring, faults, and game procedures.
2. Identify and understand the different player positions in a volleyball team, as well as the different types of plays that can be performed.
3. Learn about the history of volleyball and the main national and international championships.

Secondary Objectives:

1. Promote active student participation in learning, encouraging them to autonomously seek information about volleyball before the expository lesson.
2. Stimulate critical and reflective thinking about the sport and its rules, as well as its historical evolution.
3. Develop communication and collaboration skills by encouraging group discussions on the learned content.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

Review of Previous Content:

1. The teacher should remind students of the basic concepts of team sports, highlighting the importance of teamwork, the general rules of ball games, and the need to respect rules and opponents.
2. It is also important to review the concepts of space and time in sports, as well as the importance of physical conditioning for sports practice.

Problem-Solving Situations:

1. The teacher can propose the following situation: 'Imagine you are a volleyball team that has never played together before. What would be the first things you need to know to start playing?'
2. Another possible situation: 'You are a group of friends who want to organize a volleyball match on the beach during the holidays. What information would you need to research to ensure the game goes smoothly?'

Contextualization:

1. The teacher can mention how volleyball is a popular sport both at an amateur and professional level, being practiced in schools, clubs, beaches, and in international competitions, such as the Olympics.
2. It can also be highlighted how volleyball is a sport that promotes physical and mental health, improving motor coordination, concentration, discipline, and cooperation among players.

Attention Gain:

1. The teacher can mention the history of the creation of volleyball, which was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan, a physical education teacher in the United States, as an alternative to basketball that was less physical.
2. Another interesting curiosity is that beach volleyball, a very popular modality, especially in Brazil, was only officially recognized by the International Volleyball Federation in 1986.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

Theory:

1. The teacher should start by explaining that volleyball is played on a court divided by a net, with two teams of six players each. The goal is to make the ball fall on the opponent's court, using only hands and arms to pass the ball.
2. Next, the teacher should detail the basic rules of volleyball, including scoring (a point is scored whenever the ball falls on the opponent's court or the opponent commits a fault), faults (such as touching the ball twice in a row or stepping on the backline when serving), and game procedures (like player rotation after the serve).
3. The teacher should also explain the different player positions in a volleyball team (setter, opposite, outside hitters, and middle blockers) and the different types of plays that can be performed (such as serving, setting, attacking, and blocking).
4. Then, the teacher should present the history of volleyball, including its creation in the United States in the late 19th century, its worldwide expansion in the 20th century, and its inclusion in the Olympic Games in 1964.
5. Finally, the teacher should mention the main volleyball championships at the national level (like the Superliga in Brazil) and international level (like the World Championship and the Nations League), highlighting the most successful teams and players.

Practical Activities:

1. After the theory presentation, the teacher can propose a group discussion activity, in which students should discuss and prepare a presentation on a specific volleyball-related topic (such as rules, positions, plays, history, or championships).
2. The teacher can also propose a practical activity simulating a volleyball match, in which students must apply the rules and game procedures they have learned. This activity can be carried out on a real volleyball court or in a classroom representation of the court.
3. Finally, the teacher can propose a research activity about a famous volleyball player or team, in which students should gather information about the career, titles, and records of that player or team.

Review and Feedback:

1. At the end of the practical activities, the teacher should review the main points of the theory and activities, addressing any doubts students may have.
2. The teacher should also provide feedback to students on their participation and performance in the activities, highlighting strengths and suggesting areas for improvement.
3. To conclude the lesson development, the teacher should reinforce the importance of volleyball as a team sport that promotes physical and mental health, and encourage students to continue learning and practicing volleyball.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

Learning Verification:

1. The teacher should start the return stage by summarizing the main points covered during the lesson, checking students' understanding, and clarifying any remaining doubts.
2. To facilitate the connection between theory and practice, the teacher can propose a brief practical activity, such as a mini-volleyball tournament, where students can apply the rules, positions, and plays they learned.
3. The teacher can also encourage students to make connections with the real world, discussing how the skills learned in volleyball (such as teamwork, strategy, discipline) can be used in other areas of life.
4. Another way to verify learning is through a quick questionnaire or quiz about the lesson contents. The teacher can prepare some questions and ask students to respond, in order to measure the level of understanding and absorption of the content.

Learning Reflection:

1. The teacher should encourage students to reflect on what they have learned, asking: 'What was the most important concept you learned today?'. This reflection can be done individually or in groups, and students should be encouraged to share their answers with the class.
2. Another reflection question the teacher can ask is: 'What questions have not been answered yet?'. This question helps identify which areas of the content may need more attention or clarification in future lessons.
3. In addition, the teacher can ask students to evaluate their own participation and performance during the lesson, questioning: 'How do you think you did in the practical activities? What could you improve?'.

Feedback and Closure:

1. Finally, the teacher should provide overall feedback on the lesson, highlighting strengths and pointing out areas for improvement.
2. The teacher should end the lesson by reinforcing the importance of volleyball as a sport and physical activity, and encouraging students to continue practicing and learning about the sport.
3. As a suggestion for future tasks, the teacher can propose that students watch a volleyball match (on TV, online, or live) and take notes on the rules, player positions, and types of plays they observe.

Conclusion (5 - 10 minutes)

Content Review:

1. The teacher should recap the key points covered during the lesson, reinforcing the concepts learned about volleyball rules, player positions, types of plays, the history of the sport, and its main championships.
2. It is important for students to be encouraged to ask questions or make comments, so that any remaining doubts can be clarified.

Connecting Theory with Practice:

1. The teacher should highlight how practical activities helped consolidate the presented theory, allowing students to experience the rules and plays of volleyball in practice.
2. It can also be emphasized how group discussion and research on famous players or teams encouraged critical thinking and collaboration, essential skills not only in sports but also in other areas of life.

Extra Materials:

1. The teacher should suggest to students to seek additional materials to expand their knowledge about volleyball, such as watching volleyball matches on TV or online, reading books or articles about the sport, or even visiting a local volleyball club to observe a training session.
2. Another suggestion is for students to use the internet to research more about famous players or teams, follow the results of major championships, or learn more about volleyball rules and techniques.

Importance of the Content:

1. Finally, the teacher should reiterate the importance of volleyball not only as a sport but also as an activity that promotes physical and mental health, teamwork, discipline, and cooperation.
2. The teacher can also mention how volleyball can be a fun and social activity, which can be practiced with friends or family, on a court, at the beach, or even in a park.
3. Additionally, the teacher should emphasize how knowledge about volleyball can be useful in various situations, such as when watching a match on TV, organizing a game with friends, or evaluating the performance of a team or player.