Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Develop critical and reflective reading skills: Students will be able to read various texts, analyzing them critically and reflectively, identifying explicit and implicit information, and interpreting the text in its context.

2. Enhance textual comprehension: Students will enhance their ability to comprehend texts, identifying the main ideas, the author's purpose, and the text structure.

3. Stimulate discussion and critical thinking: Through reading and interpreting texts, students will be encouraged to participate in discussions, express their opinions respectfully, and develop critical thinking.

Secondary Objectives:

• Encourage reading as a form of entertainment and learning: In addition to developing reading and comprehension skills, it is also intended to stimulate in students the habit of reading, both for academic purposes and for pleasure and personal enrichment.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of Necessary Content: The teacher starts the lesson by reviewing the concepts of reading and textual comprehension. Students are asked what reading is, what types of reading exist, and why textual comprehension is important. This review can be done interactively, with students actively participating in the discussion.

2. Problem Situations: The teacher presents two problem situations to arouse students' interest:

   • Situation 1: The teacher can present a complex and long text, asking students how they could approach reading this text in order to fully understand it.

   • Situation 2: The teacher can present a text with contradictory information and ask students to identify the contradictions and propose an interpretation of the text.

3. Contextualization: The teacher explains to students the importance of reading and textual comprehension in various everyday situations, such as reading news, problem-solving, interpreting instructions, among others. In addition, the teacher can highlight how the ability of critical and reflective reading is essential for the formation of autonomous and participative citizens in society.

4. Gaining Attention: To arouse students' curiosity and introduce the topic in an engaging way, the teacher can:

   • Curiosity 1: Tell the story of how reading and interpreting a scientific text contributed to solving a real problem.

   • Curiosity 2: Present recent news that has generated different interpretations and discussions, showing how critical reading and textual comprehension are important for forming well-founded opinions.

5. Introduction of the Topic: Finally, the teacher introduces the topic of the lesson: 'Reading and Comprehension: Understanding the Text and the World Around You.' The teacher explains that during the lesson, students will learn strategies to improve their reading and comprehension of texts, and will practice these skills through reading and interpreting various texts.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. 'News Journal' Activity (10 - 15 minutes):

   • Description: The teacher divides the class into groups of 4 to 5 students and gives each group a selection of news from different sources and on various topics. The objective of the activity is for students to read the news, identify the main idea of each one, and discuss in groups about the information presented.

   • Step by Step:

     1. The teacher gives each group the selection of news.
     2. Students, in their groups, read the news.
     3. After reading, students identify the main idea of each news and discuss the presented information.
     4. Each group chooses the news they consider most interesting and relevant, and prepares a brief presentation to share with the class, explaining why they chose that news and what were the main information and ideas they identified.

   • Objectives:

     1. Develop critical and reflective reading skills.
     2. Enhance textual comprehension.
     3. Stimulate discussion and critical thinking.

2. 'Comic Stories' Activity (5 - 10 minutes):

   • Description: The teacher presents to the class a complex and challenging comic story, with various characters and plots. Students, in their groups, are challenged to read the comic story and create a brief synopsis, identifying the main characters, the main plot, and the central ideas of the story.

   • Step by Step:

     1. The teacher presents the comic story to the class.
     2. Students, in their groups, read the comic story.
     3. After reading, students discuss the story and identify the main characters, the main plot, and the central ideas.
     4. Each group creates a brief synopsis of the comic story, which will be shared with the class.

   • Objectives:

     1. Develop critical and reflective reading skills.
     2. Enhance textual comprehension.
     3. Stimulate discussion and critical thinking.

3. 'Literary Treasure Hunt' Activity (5 - 10 minutes):

   • Description: The teacher hides small literary texts around the classroom, such as excerpts from poems, book quotes, and citations from famous authors. Students, in their groups, are challenged to find the texts and interpret them, discussing what they understood and what they found interesting or surprising.

   • Step by Step:

     1. The teacher hides the texts around the classroom before the lesson starts.
     2. The teacher divides the class into groups and explains the activity.
     3. Students, in their groups, search for the texts around the classroom.
     4. After finding a text, the group reads the text, interprets it, and discusses what they understood.
     5. Each group shares with the class the text they found and the interpretation they made.

   • Objectives:

     1. Develop critical and reflective reading skills.
     2. Enhance textual comprehension.
     3. Stimulate discussion and critical thinking.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes):

   • Description: The teacher gathers the whole class and promotes a group discussion about the solutions or conclusions found by each group during the activities. Each group has a maximum of 3 minutes to share their findings.

   • Step by Step:

     1. The teacher gathers all students and explains that each group will have the opportunity to share their findings with the class.
     2. A representative from each group is invited to speak, having a maximum of 3 minutes to make their presentation. During the presentation, other students are encouraged to ask questions and make comments.

   • Objectives:

     1. Share the different interpretations and solutions found by the groups.
     2. Stimulate students' reflection and critical thinking.
     3. Promote the exchange of ideas and respect for different opinions.

2. Connection with Theory (2 - 3 minutes):

   • Description: The teacher makes the connection between the practical activities carried out by the students and the theoretical concepts presented in the Introduction of the lesson. The objective is for students to realize how theory and practice complement each other.

   • Step by Step:

     1. The teacher briefly reviews the theoretical concepts presented at the beginning of the lesson.
     2. The teacher highlights how these concepts were applied during the practical activities.
     3. Students are invited to make connections between theory and practice, sharing their insights and learnings.

   • Objectives:

     1. Reinforce the understanding of theoretical concepts.
     2. Demonstrate the applicability of theory in practice.

3. Final Reflection (3 - 4 minutes):

   • Description: The teacher proposes that students reflect individually on what they learned during the lesson. Students are encouraged to think about the following questions: 'What was the most important concept learned today?' and 'What questions have not been answered yet?'.

   • Step by Step:

     1. The teacher presents the reflection questions to the students.
     2. Students have a minute to reflect silently.
     3. After the reflection, students who wish can share their answers with the class.

   • Objectives:

     1. Stimulate reflection on learning.
     2. Identify possible gaps in students' understanding, which can be addressed in future lessons.

At the end of the Return stage, students should have consolidated their learning, recognizing the importance of reading and textual comprehension for their academic and personal lives. In addition, students should have developed their critical and reflective reading skills, and their interpretation and discussion of texts.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes):

   • Description: The teacher gives a brief review of the main points covered during the lesson. He reinforces the definition of critical and reflective reading, the importance of textual comprehension, and the strategies presented to enhance these skills.

   • Step by Step:

     1. The teacher starts the summary by recalling the definition of critical and reflective reading.
     2. Next, he reinforces the importance of textual comprehension and the interpretation of texts in different contexts.
     3. The teacher reviews the strategies presented to enhance reading and comprehension, such as identifying the main idea, analyzing the author's purpose, and interpreting the text in its context.

   • Objectives:

     1. Consolidate students' understanding of the concepts covered in the lesson.
     2. Prepare students for the synthesis and application of the acquired knowledge.

2. Theory-Practice Connection (1 - 2 minutes):

   • Description: The teacher highlights how the lesson connected theory and practice, recalling the activities carried out by students and how they reflected the theoretical concepts presented.

   • Step by Step:

     1. The teacher reinforces the importance of practical activities for understanding theoretical concepts.
     2. He briefly recaps the activities carried out, highlighting how they reflected the theoretical concepts presented.

   • Objectives:

     1. Reinforce students' understanding of the interaction between theory and practice.
     2. Demonstrate the applicability of theoretical concepts in practice.

3. Additional Materials (1 - 2 minutes):

   • Description: The teacher suggests some extra materials for students to deepen their knowledge on the lesson's topic. These materials may include books, articles, videos, and educational websites.

   • Step by Step:

     1. The teacher presents a list of additional materials related to the lesson's topic.
     2. He briefly explains the content of each material and how it can complement students' understanding.

   • Objectives:

     1. Stimulate autonomous and in-depth study by students.
     2. Provide resources for students who wish to review or expand the learned content.

4. Importance of the Subject (1 minute):

   • Description: The teacher reinforces the importance of reading and textual comprehension in students' daily lives, both in academic and personal life.

   • Step by Step:

     1. The teacher highlights how reading and textual comprehension are fundamental in various everyday situations, such as reading news, problem-solving, interpreting instructions, among others.

   • Objectives:

     1. Motivate students to apply the knowledge acquired in the lesson in their daily activities.
     2. Reinforce the relevance of the lesson's topic for students' formation.

At the end of the Conclusion stage, students should have consolidated their learning, recognizing the importance of reading and textual comprehension and feeling motivated to enhance their skills in these aspects. In addition, students should have gained confidence to apply the learned concepts and strategies in their school activities and daily life.