Contextualization

Observation devices are tools that enhance our senses and allow us to know the world in a deeper way, going beyond what our eyes can see. These instruments, such as telescopes, microscopes, and binoculars, are used in various scientific fields to observe everything from the vast universe to the smallest components of life.

Studying and understanding these devices is of fundamental importance, not only for those who wish to pursue a scientific career, but also for all of us, as they are an essential part of our understanding of the world. For example, astronomers use telescopes to explore space and discover new planets, while doctors use microscopes to identify and study diseases.

Studying these devices also allows us to understand technological evolution and how humans have expanded their boundaries of knowledge. From the naked eye, through the simple microscope, to powerful space telescopes, the pursuit of knowledge has always driven the invention of new observation devices.

With this project, we hope to spark curiosity and interest in science and technology, as well as develop important skills such as teamwork, problem-solving, and critical thinking.

Practical Activity

Activity Title: "Observing the World Through a Tube"

Project Objective

The activity aims to stimulate students to understand the usefulness of observation devices. They will build a homemade telescope and observe the Moon and the stars for a period of two weeks, recording their observations.

Detailed Project Description

In groups of 3 to 5, students will build homemade telescopes to make observations of the sky. For two weeks, they should observe the Moon and the stars and record their observations. In the end, they will produce a report with the collected information.

Required Materials

1. Two cardboard tubes of different sizes (one should fit inside the other)
2. Two lenses of different focal lengths (one convergent and one divergent)
3. Adhesive tape
4. Notebook for notes
5. Pen or pencil

Detailed Step-by-Step

1. In the wider and shorter cardboard tube, place the convergent lens at the end and secure it with adhesive tape.

2. In the thinner and longer cardboard tube, place the divergent lens at the end and also secure it with adhesive tape.

3. Insert the thinner tube with the divergent lens into the wider tube with the convergent lens.

4. With the homemade telescope in hand, choose a suitable location to observe the sky.

5. For at least two weeks, observe the Moon and the stars every day at different times and record your observations in the notebook. Describe what you see, the changes that occur, and any other observations you find relevant.

Project Delivery

At the end of the two weeks of observations, the groups will meet to discuss their records and compile a final report. This report should include:

1. Introduction: In this part, students should contextualize the project theme, the importance of observation devices, their practical applications, and what they expect to learn from the activity.

2. Development: Here, students should detail the construction of the telescope, describe the observations made, discuss the results, and link all of this to the theory of observation devices. They should also detail the methodology used to record their observations.

3. Conclusion: Students should analyze their observations, considering what they learned from the activity and how it relates to the concept of observation devices.

4. Bibliography: Students should cite all sources of information used to prepare the report.

This report will be the basis for assessing students' understanding of the concept and application of observation devices, as well as their teamwork skills and time management.