Contextualization

Theoretical Introduction

Textual typology is a tool in the study of the Portuguese language that classifies texts into five main categories: description, narration, dissertation, exposition, and injunction. Each textual type has its structural and linguistic characteristics that differentiate them from each other. In this project, we will focus on narrative, a form of typology that recounts events, real or fictional, involving characters and having a structure of temporal sequence.

Studying narrative practices means understanding the different ways and styles in which a story can be told. Narrative techniques include the choice of the narrator's focus, the use of space, the development of narrative time, the management of plots, and the construction of characters. Each decision made by the author of a narrative influences how the story is perceived and interpreted by the reader.

Within a narrative practice, there are several essential elements, such as: plot, characters, space, time, and narrator. The plot is the sequence of events that make up the story; the characters are the fictional entities that perform or undergo actions in the plot; the space is the location where the story takes place; and time is when the story occurs, which can be chronological or psychological. Finally, the narrator is the one who tells the story, and it can be in the first, second, or third person.

Contextualization

Understanding and mastering the narrative structure is crucial for various fields of human activity. First and foremost, it is essential for literature - novels, short stories, poetry, among others, all revolve around the art of storytelling. Additionally, the ability to narrate stories is extremely valuable in professional contexts such as journalism, advertising, marketing, and education.

Furthermore, narrative practices help us understand and interpret the world around us. Stories - whether factual or fictional - are a powerful way to convey information, values, beliefs, and ideas. Knowing how to analyze and deconstruct a narrative helps us better understand the author's intention, identify perspectives and biases, and develop our own critical thinking.

Activity

"Telling Our Story"

Project Objective

Develop technical and socio-emotional skills through the production of an original narrative, based on the understanding and application of narrative practices concepts.

Detailed Project Description

Students, divided into groups of 3 to 5, will work together to create an original story, following the stages of the creative process: planning, writing, and revision. In addition to exploring the theory of narrative practices, students will have to engage in a collaborative and playful environment to conceive a final product that will be a written narrative.

Required Materials

• Notebooks or sheets of paper
• Pens and/or pencils
• Computer with internet access (for research and digital writing)
• Books, stories, or other narratives for reference

Step-by-Step Activity Execution

1. Group Formation: The classroom will be divided into groups of 3 to 5 students to develop the activity.

2. Theoretical Research: Each group should research the theory of narrative practices, using the recommended resources and other sources they consider relevant.

3. Narrative Planning: Based on the theoretical research, the groups should plan their own narrative story, defining in detail aspects such as: plot, characters, space, and time. Special attention should be given to the narrator and unbiasedness.

4. Writing the Narrative: With the planning completed, the groups will start writing their story, ensuring that it aligns with the planning and is a coherent and captivating narrative.

5. Revision: After writing, students should revise the text, looking for possible grammatical errors, coherence of the plot, character development, effectiveness of space and time usage, among other narrative elements.

6. Narrative Submission: Finally, students should submit the narrative, in digital or physical format, depending on the availability of resources of the students and the school.

Project Submission

For the final project submission, each group must produce a report containing statements and evidence about the work done. The report should include:

• Introduction: With a contextualization of the theme and a clear definition of the project's objectives.

• Development: Here, students should explain the theory of narrative practices and detail how they planned and wrote their story, indicating the strategies used (for example, how they chose the plot, characters, space, time, and narrator).

• Conclusion: Students should conclude the report with a reflection on what they learned during the project, both about the theme and about group work (collaboration, time management, conflict resolution, etc.) and how these learnings can be applied in other contexts.

• Bibliography: Students should list the sources of information used for theoretical research and for the inspiration of the story.

The final submission will be the written narrative along with the report.