Contextualization

Ethics is one of the fundamental pillars of philosophy and is part of the everyday experience of all of us. It concerns what is morally right or wrong and how we should live our lives. Throughout history, various philosophers have contributed to a better understanding of the nature of ethics. In this project, we will mainly address the ideas of three philosophers: Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and John Stuart Mill. Through their theories - how virtuous their ethics are, the categorical imperative, and utilitarianism, respectively - we will have a panoramic view of ethics.

The relevance of ethics in our current context is indisputable. We live in an increasingly complex, multifaceted society full of challenges that require morally sound decisions from us. Whether it is personal issues like what is right or wrong, or major social issues like the fair distribution of resources, human rights, and sustainability - ethics is always present. Understanding ethics is, therefore, crucial to our ability to navigate effectively both in the personal and collective universe.

I suggest using as a basis for your studies the book "Practical Ethics" by Peter Singer, which addresses the application of ethics in everyday situations. Additionally, I provide below links to reliable websites that address the subject:

• "Ethics" in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics/
• "Aristotle's Ethics", "Kant's Ethics" and "Mill's Utilitarianism" on the Philosophy Portal: https://filosofianaescola.com/etica/aristoteles/, https://filosofianaescola.com/etica/kant/ and https://filosofianaescola.com/etica/utilitarismo/

These resources will serve as a starting point to deepen your knowledge and understand the relevance of these concepts to the current reality. Remember, ethics is not just a theoretical discipline, but something that is lived every day. I hope this project sparks your curiosity and opens doors to deep reflections on our role in society and the importance of our actions.

Practical Activity

Activity Title: Ethical Operation - A Journey to Three Worlds

Project Objective

Explore and apply the ethical concepts proposed by Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and John Stuart Mill in practical and contemporary situations, in order to develop students' critical and ethical thinking.

Detailed Project Description

In this project, groups of 3 to 5 students will create fictional scenarios that address some contemporary ethical dilemma. For each scenario, students must develop three distinct solutions, each based on the ethics of one of the mentioned philosophers (Aristotle, Kant, and Mill).

The idea is that each scenario represents a "world" where the ethics of a given philosopher is predominant. Each solution must be accompanied by a justification explaining how the philosopher's thinking in question would be applied to the proposed dilemma.

Necessary Materials

The project will be mainly based on research and writing, however, each group has the freedom to use additional materials to present the scenarios and solutions, such as videos, drawings, graphics, etc. Digital tools such as presentation software (PowerPoint, Google Slides) and video editing software (iMovie, Windows Movie Maker) can be useful for this.

Detailed Step-by-Step

1. Group Formation: Students should organize themselves into groups of 3 to 5 members.

2. Initial Research: Each group should research the ethics of Aristotle, Kant, and Mill.

3. Creation of Scenarios: Each group should create three scenarios that present ethical dilemmas that can be solved using the ethical principles of each of the three philosophers.

4. Development of Solutions: For each scenario, students should develop a solution based on the ethics of each of the three studied philosophers. Each solution should be accompanied by a justification showing how the philosopher's thinking in question would be applied to the proposed dilemma.

5. Preparation of the Presentation: Groups should prepare a presentation of the scenarios and solutions. This presentation should include an explanation of the conclusions reached and how they used the ethics of each philosopher to solve the proposed dilemmas.

6. Final Report: Groups should prepare a final report according to the established criteria. This report is the main deliverable of the project and therefore should be well-crafted and complete. The report should contain the following sections:

• Introduction: Contextualization of the project, presenting the theme and its relevance. It should also contain the objective of the work and a general explanation of what was done.

• Development: Detailing of the three scenarios, as well as the ethical solutions proposed for each of them. This is the core of the report and should include the description of the dilemmas, the proposed solutions, and the justifications for each solution, explaining how the philosopher's ethics in question was applied.

• Conclusion: Recapitulation of the main ideas and conclusions obtained with the project. Students should try to generalize their observations to understand the role of ethics in our society.

• Bibliography: Reference to all materials used for the project.

The project should be completed and delivered within a month from the start date. I hope this project helps you understand the concepts and reflect on how ethics impacts our lives daily!