Context

In the study of the Portuguese language, perhaps one of the most important concepts is that of 'essential terms of the sentence'. Its importance lies in the fact that they are the basic components of any sentence, and therefore understanding how they work is fundamental for a deep and effective comprehension of the language. The essential terms of the sentence are the subject and the predicate.

The sentence usually starts with the subject and is followed by the predicate. The subject is the term about which something is declared, and the predicate is the statement made about the subject. These can be accompanied by integral and accessory terms, which serve to detail or complement the information presented by the essential terms.

In our daily lives, we constantly use the essential terms of the sentence. Without realizing it, when talking to our friends, reading a book, writing an email, we are using subject, predicate, and other terms. The correct use of these terms makes our conversations clearer and our writings more cohesive.

Think of a journalist, a writer, a lawyer, or even a doctor. They all need to master the Portuguese language to communicate effectively and perform well in their work. Even in professions where writing and communication are not the focus, the correct use of the language can make a big difference. In a job interview, for example, the candidate who expresses themselves well has an advantage over others.

Practical Activity

Title: 'Discovering and Reconstructing Essential Terms of the Sentence'

Project Objective

Enhance students' understanding of the essential terms of the sentence (subject and predicate) through an interactive project that combines text analysis and collaborative textual production.

Detailed Project Description

Students will be divided into groups of 3 to 5 members. Each group must select a literary tale of their choice to be the basis of the work. The task consists of analyzing the text, recognizing and annotating the essential terms of the sentence present in the tale. After the analysis, the group must create a new version of the tale, modifying subjects and predicates.

Required Materials

• Literary tales.
• Pens and papers for notes.
• Computer for typing the new tale.
• Reference materials on essential terms of the sentence.

Detailed Step-by-Step Guide for Carrying Out the Activity

Step 1: Each group chooses a tale of their preference. It is recommended to choose tales by the author Monteiro Lobato.

Step 2: The groups must analyze the tale, underlining and annotating all the essential terms of the sentence they find.

Step 3: Discuss the conclusions of the tale analysis. Which subjects and predicates appear most frequently? Are there evident patterns?

Step 4: Rewrite the tale. To do this, modify the subjects and predicates of the sentences, but ensure that the central plot of the tale is maintained. Be creative!

Step 5: After writing the new tale, review the text, ensuring that the use of the essential terms of the sentence is correct.

Step 6: Each group must present the original tale and its modified version to the class. Explain the changes made and the choices that led to them.

Step 7: After the presentation, write a report containing the analysis made on the essential terms of the sentence in the original tale and a detailed description of the tale rewriting process:

• Introduction: Present the chosen tale, the relevance and application of the essential terms of the sentence in the real world, and the objective of this project.
• Development: Explain the theory behind the essential terms of the sentence, detail the activity carried out and the methodology used, and finally present and discuss the results obtained.
• Conclusion: Recap your main points, explain the learnings obtained, and the conclusions drawn from the project.
• Bibliography: Indicate the sources you relied on to work on the project such as books, web pages, videos, etc.

Students must submit the original tale, the modified tale, and the written report. These documents will be evaluated considering the understanding of the sentence terms, creativity, and group collaboration.

Project Submission

The final project submission consists of:

• Original tale selected by the group.
• Tale modified by the group, demonstrating understanding and proper use of the essential terms of the sentence.
• Report detailing the analysis of the original tale and the tale rewriting process.
• Presentation of the analysis and the modified tale to the class.

Each submission must clearly demonstrate the understanding and application of the essential terms of the sentence. The report should reflect the students' theoretical understanding, while the modified tale should demonstrate their ability to apply what they have learned in a creative and effective manner.