What makes things move?; How pushes and pulls work.; Gentle vs. strong pushes.; How things push back.; Finding forces around us.

Newton's Laws of Motion

Newton's Laws of Motion

Discover how Newton's laws explain motion all around us.

Agenda

• Introduction to Newton's Laws

• Newton's First Law: Inertia

• Newton's Second Law: F=ma

• Newton's Third Law: Action-Reaction

• Applying Newton's Laws

Pushes, Pulls, and Motion

Discover how pushes and pulls make things move!

• What makes things move?

• How pushes and pulls work.

• Gentle vs. strong pushes.

• How things push back.

• Finding forces around us.

Unveiling Newton's Laws

Sir Isaac Newton, a brilliant scientist from the 17th century, revolutionized our understanding of how objects move. His groundbreaking work laid the foundation for classical mechanics. We'll explore his three fundamental laws that explain motion around us, from a rolling ball to planets orbiting the sun.

Newton's Principia: Laws of motion and gravity explained.

Inertia: The Basics

Inertia in Action

Inertia is an object's natural resistance to any change in its state of motion. This means an object at rest will stay at rest unless an outside, unbalanced force acts on it. For example, a textbook sitting on your desk will remain perfectly still until you push or lift it.

An object already in motion will continue moving at the same speed and in the same direction unless an unbalanced force interferes. Imagine a hockey puck sliding across a frictionless ice rink; it would keep going forever without friction or a stick stopping it. When a car suddenly brakes, your body keeps moving forward due to inertia.

The Second Law: F=ma

Newton's Second Law, F=ma, explains how force, mass, and acceleration are connected. If you push a shopping cart with more force, it accelerates faster. However, if the cart is full of groceries (more mass), it will accelerate less with the same push.

Force, mass, and acceleration are connected by F=ma.

Applying F=ma

Newton's Second Law, F=ma, explains how force, mass, and acceleration are linked. A powerful kick applies more force to a soccer ball, causing it to accelerate faster. Conversely, a heavier bowling ball requires more force to achieve the same acceleration.

Kick's force and acceleration explained by Newton's Second Law.

Mass vs. Acceleration (Same Force)

Force vs. Acceleration (Same Mass)

When the same amount of force is applied to objects with different masses, the object with greater mass will experience less acceleration. Think about kicking a soccer ball versus a bowling ball with the same strength. The lighter soccer ball accelerates much more because it has less inertia resisting the change in motion.

If you apply more force to an object of a given mass, it will accelerate more. Consider pushing a skateboard: a gentle push causes slow acceleration, while a strong push makes it speed up quickly. This direct relationship shows that a larger net force results in a larger acceleration for the same object.

The Third Law: Action-Reaction

Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means forces always come in pairs. For example, when you push off the ground to walk, your foot pushes the ground backward (action), and the ground pushes your foot forward with equal force (reaction), propelling you forward.

Friction: The reaction force that propels you forward.

Identifying Force Pairs

Identify action-reaction force pairs in everyday scenarios, such as a rocket pushing exhaust gases downward and the gases pushing the rocket upward, or a swimmer pushing water backward and the water pushing the swimmer forward.

Newton's Laws in Your World?

Think about your day: Where do you see Newton's three laws of motion in action, from walking to driving a car or even launching a rocket?

Resources

https://www.boyertownasd.org/cms/lib/PA01916192/Centricity/Domain/604/Newtons%20Laws.pptx https://www.slideserve.com/clarkharold/newton-s-laws-of-motion-powerpoint-ppt-presentation https://www.teachengineering.org/curricularunits/view/ucd_newton_unit https://www.teachengineering.org/lessons/view/ucd_newton_lesson01

Newton's Laws of Motion

What makes things move?; How pushes and pulls work.; Gentle vs. strong pushes.; How things push back.; Finding forces around us.

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